Pädiatrische Nierendiagnostik

Zusammenfassung

Die Nierenfunktionsszintigrafie stellt eine wichtige Säule in der Diagnostik von angeborenen oder erworbenen Niereninsuffizienzen und Nierenanomalien bei Kindern dar. Die nuklearmedizinischen Untersuchungsmodalitäten der Nieren sowie ableitenden Harnwege umfassen die MAG3-Szintigrafie, die DMSA-Szintigrafie sowie die direkte Radionuklid-Miktionszystografie. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit werden die wichtigsten Untersuchungsmethoden, deren Indikation, Nutzen und Risiko erläutert. Die MAG3-(Mercaptoacetyltriglycin)-Nierenfunktionsszintigrafie beurteilt die seitengetrennte Nierenfunktion und die Abflussverhältnisse, während die DMSA-Bildgebung hauptsächlich zur Beurteilung des funktionellen Nierenparenchyms und von Nierenparenchymdefekten verwendet wird. Zusätzlich kann die direkte Radionuklid-MCU (Urinzystografie) zur Refluxdiagnostik genutzt werden.

Abstract

Renal function scintigraphy represents an important pillar in the diagnosis of congenital or acquired renal insufficiencies and renal anomalies in children. Nuclear medicine examination modalities of the kidneys as well as draining urinary tract include MAG3 scintigraphy, DMSA scintigraphy, and direct radionuclide micturition cystography. In this review, the main examination methods, their indications, benefits, and risks are explained. MAG3 (mercaptoacetyltriglycine) renal function scintigraphy assesses side-separated renal function and outflow ratios, whereas DMSA imaging is mainly used to assess functional renal parenchyma and renal parenchymal defects. In addition, direct radionuclide MCU (urine cystography) can be used for reflux diagnosis.

Schlüsselwörter

pädiatrische Nephrologie - Nierenfunktionsszintigrafie - MAG3-Szintigrafie - angeborene Nierenerkrankungen

Keywords

paediatric nephrology - renal function scintigraphy - MAG3-scintigraphy - congenital renal diseases

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