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Drug Res (Stuttg) 2022; 72(03): 171-176
DOI: 10.1055/a-1700-4258
Original Article

Investigating the Role of Thymoquinone in Increasing the Rate of Cisplatin-Induced Apoptosis through Oxidative DNA Damage in Saso-2 Cancer Cells

The Effect of TQ and Cis in OS
Homa Ahmadzadeh
1   Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
,
Mehran Ahmadi
1   Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
,
Asal Golchin
2   Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
,
Faezeh Malakoti
3   Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
,
Masomeh Maleki
3   Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
,
Forough Alemi
3   Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
,
Mohammadreza Bazavar
4   Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
,
Bahman Yousefi
3   Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Abstract

Introduction Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone sarcoma with a high recurrence rate and poorer prognosis. The application of natural agents in combinational therapies can increase the efficacy of treatment and decrease the side effects. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the effects of Thymoquinone (TQ) combined with Cisplatin on apoptosis and its underlying mechanisms in the Saos-2 cells.

Methods The effects of TQ and Cisplatin on Saos-2 cell viability were measured using an MTT assay. Western blotting was applied for the measurement of γH2AX protein expression. The expression levels of 8-Hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) were evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). DCFH-DA fluorescence dye was used to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation. For evaluation of apoptosis, flow cytometry was employed.

Results TQ dramatically promotes the cytotoxic effects of Cisplatin. TQ considerably enhanced the expression levels of 8-oxo-dG and γ-H2AX in Saos-2 cells. After TQ treatment, ROS levels were increased; furthermore, TQ treatment resulted in the potentiation of Cisplatin-induced apoptosis in Saos-2 cells compared to either TQ or Cisplatin treated cells.

Conclusion In general, TQ plus Cisplatin resulted in potentiated cellular cytotoxicity by increasing ROS level and inducing oxidative DNA damage, leading to the potent induction of apoptosis in tumor cells.

Key words

natural compounds - chemotherapy - bone tumor - apoptosis - DNA damage - ROS


Publication History

Received: 24 August 2021

Accepted: 16 November 2021

Article published online:
07 March 2022

© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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