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J Neurol Surg B Skull Base
DOI: 10.1055/a-2607-5757
Original Article

Assessing Olfactory Bulb Infiltration and Morphological Changes in Olfactory Neuroblastoma Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Teppei Takeda 
1   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
2   Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
,
Yasine Mirmozaffari
2   Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
,
Teru Ebihara
1   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
,
Takeshi Kawasaki
1   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
,
Kazuhiro Omura 
1   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
,
Adam J. Kimple
2   Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
,
Brent A. Senior
2   Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
,
Nobuyoshi Otori
1   Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
,
Charles Ebert
2   Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
,
Christine Klatt-Cromwell
2   Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
,
Brian D. Thorp
2   Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, United States
› Author Affiliations
Funding This study was supported by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation, grant/award number: 2020143 to A.J.K.
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Abstract

Objectives

This study aimed to evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based changes in olfactory bulb (OB) volume and area to predict the likelihood of OB invasion in olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB).

Design

Retrospective review of MRI data.

Setting

This study was conducted at the Jikei University, Japan, and the University of North Carolina, United States.

Participants

The study included 46 ONB-diagnosed patients undergoing MRI and surgical treatment.

Main Outcome Measures

Preoperative volume and cross-sectional area of the OB were measured, and the surgical pathology of the OB was reviewed.

Results

Significant differences in OB metrics were observed between patients with and without OB/tract invasions. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated high discriminative ability: OB volume (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.971, cutoff 60 mm3) and maximum cross-sectional area (AUC = 0.941, cutoff 9.5 mm2) both showed high sensitivity and specificity for predicting OB invasion. The left–right OB difference, with a lesion/nonlesion ratio exceeding 175%, was a strong predictor.

Conclusion

Quantitative MRI metrics of the OB are effective in predicting invasion in ONB. These findings may enhance diagnostic accuracy and influence treatment strategies. Further research is warranted to validate these findings in larger cohorts.

Keywords

olfactory neuroblastoma - MRI - olfactory bulb - tumor invasion - predictive model - ROC analysis - diagnostic accuracy

Author Contributions

Conceptualization of the study, data analysis, and writing of the original draft: T.T. Data analysis: Y.M., T.E., T.K. Manuscript editing: K.O., A.J.K., B.A.S., C.E., C.K.C., and N.O. Final review and editing of the manuscript: B.D.T.




Publication History

Received: 18 February 2025

Accepted: 12 May 2025

Accepted Manuscript online:
14 May 2025

Article published online:
30 May 2025

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