Arthroscopic Resection of Recurrent Wrist Synovial Cyst: Case Series and Results

Abstract

Background and Purpose

This study evaluates the outcomes of arthroscopic surgery for recurrent wrist synovial cysts (SCs) in patients previously treated with open or arthroscopic surgery. The objective is to determine whether prior surgery makes the procedure more challenging and if results are comparable to those in first-time patients.

Materials and Methods

A retrospective analysis included 22 patients who underwent surgery between 2019 and 2023, with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. Diagnosis was confirmed by clinical examination and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The same arthroscopic technique used for first-time patients was applied.

Results

Most patients were female (63.6%), with a mean age of 35.8 years. Nineteen had one prior surgery, and three had two. Eighteen underwent open surgery, and four had a prior arthroscopic procedure. The average time between the last surgery and recurrence was 2 months. Before the procedure, the mean pain score was 6.5 (1–9). The mean follow-up period was 8.8 months, with postoperative pain score reduced to 0.3 (0–2). No recurrences, infections, or additional surgeries were needed. Two patients experienced mild complications, which resolved spontaneously.

Conclusion

Arthroscopy is a safe and effective technique for treating recurrent wrist SCs, improving cosmetic appearance and pain relief without increased risk of complications. Surgeon experience is crucial, as incomplete pedicle resection is the main cause of recurrence.

Level of Evidence

Level IV.

Keywords

musculoskeletal diseases/surgery - ganglion cyst - wrist ganglion - surgical excision - arthroscopy/utilization - recurrence

Publication History

Received: 07 October 2024

Accepted: 09 May 2025

Article published online:
11 June 2025

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