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DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1298259
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Anwendung von Botulinumtoxin A in der Behandlung der spastischen infantilen Zerebralparese: Retrospektive klinische Beobachtungsstudie
Botulinum Toxin A Treatment in Spastic Forms of Cerebral Palsy: A Retrospective Clinical StudyPublication History
Publication Date:
21 February 2012 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die Therapie mit Botulinumtoxin hat inzwischen einen festen Platz in der Behandlung der spastischen Formen der infantilen Zerebralparese. Diese Studie beschäftigt sich mit den subjektiven funktionellen Ergebnissen sowie der Zufriedenheit aus der Sicht der Patienten und Angehörigen und dokumentiert die Anästhesiedaten der in Narkose durchgeführten Infiltrationen. Patienten und Methoden: Bei 57 Patienten im Alter von durchschnittlich 11 Jahren (± 6,7; 2–30) mit spastischer infantiler Zerebralparese wurden insgesamt 118 Botulinumtoxin-A-Infiltrationen durchgeführt. Die Patienten wurden in 2 Gruppen mit spastischer Hemi- oder Diparese und Tetraparese unterteilt und miteinander verglichen. Die Ergebnisse der Behandlung aus der Sicht der Patienten und Angehörigen wurden mithilfe eines speziell entwickelten Fragebogens evaluiert. Ergebnisse: Die Studie hat gezeigt, dass tendenziell milder betroffene Patienten mit spastischer Hemi- oder Diparese von der Therapie subjektiv mehr profitieren als schwerer betroffene Patienten mit Tetraparese. Die Erwartungen in der Gruppe der Patienten mit Hemi- und Diparesen wurden statistisch signifikant häufiger erfüllt und die Erfolge nach jeder Infiltration häufiger wahrgenommen als in der Gruppe mit Tetraparesen. Die meisten Patienten und Angehörigen waren mit der Behandlung in beiden Gruppen zufrieden. Schlussfolgerung: Die Anwendung von Botulinumtoxin in der Therapie der spastischen infantilen Zerebralparese ist aus der Sicht der Patienten und der Angehörigen eine wirksame und gut akzeptierte Behandlungsform. Insbesondere bei schwer betroffenen Patienten mit Tetraparese sollen die Therapieziele vor der Behandlung genau und realistisch definiert werden und mit dem Patienten und seinen Angehörigen ausführlich besprochen werden.
Abstract
Background: Botulinum toxin therapy now has a firm place in the treatment of spastic forms of cerebral palsy in children. This paper considers the subjective and practical results and the degrees of satisfaction from the point of view of the patients and their families. It also documents the data of infiltrations carried out under anaesthesia. Patients and Methods: 57 patients with an average age of 11 (± 6.7; 2–30) and with infantile spastic cerebral palsy underwent altogether 118 botulinum toxin A infiltrations. The patients were divided into two groups: those with spastic hemiparesis or diparesis, and those with tetraparesis, and then compared with each other. The results of the treatment were evaluated from the point of view of the patients and their families with the help of a specially developed questionnaire. Results: The study shows that, broadly-speaking, patients less affected with spastic hemiparesis or diparesis felt they profited more from the treatment than patients more severely affected with tetraparesis. The statistics also show that the first group's expectations were significantly more often fulfilled and that they more frequently perceived greater success after each infiltration than the group with tetraparesis. Most patients and their families from both groups were satisfied with the treatment. Conclusion: Patients and their families feel that the use of botulinum toxin in the management of spastic cerebral palsy in children is an effective and accepted form of treatment. The aims of the therapy should be defined accurately and realistically before starting treatment, especially for those severely affected with tetraparesis, and discussed in detail with both the patient and his/her family.
Schlüsselwörter
infantile Zerebralparese - Botulinumtoxin - Spastik - Lebensqualität - Anästhesie
Key words
cerebral palsy - botulinum toxin - spasticity - quality of life - anaesthesia
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Dr. Albert Fujak
Orthopädische Universitätsklinik
Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg
Rathsberger Straße 57
91054 Erlangen
Phone: 0 91 31/8 22 39 35
Fax: 0 91 31/8 52 35 65
Email: a.fujak@t-online.de