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Am J Perinatol 2017; 34(13): 1286-1292
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1603329
Original Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

The Role of Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8 Circulating Cytokines in Differentiating between Feeding Intolerance and Necrotizing Enterocolitis in Preterm Infants

Abhay Lodha
1   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
2   Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Canada
,
Alexandra Howlett
1   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
,
Talat Ahmed
3   Houston Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Bellaire, Texas
,
Aideen M. Moore
4   Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
5   Department of Pediatrics, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

02 January 2017

30 March 2017

Publication Date:
15 May 2017 (online)

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Abstract

Objective To describe the circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and IL-8 in stable premature infants, infants with suspect necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC)/feeding intolerance (FI), and infants with proven NEC and to determine whether combinations of markers could provide a diagnostic tool for differentiating between benign FI and NEC.

Methods Seventy infants were enrolled in a prospective study performed in two university neonatal intensive care units. Thirty-five matched controls (CON), 23 infants with FI or suspect NEC, and 12 infants with definitive and surgical NEC were studied. The pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-8) levels were measured at the onset of FI or NEC, or during week 2 to 3 for CON.

Results There was no statistically significant difference in TNF-α levels among the three patient groups. IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly elevated in NEC group as compared with CON (p > 0.001), and in NEC group as compared with FI/suspect NEC. There was no significant difference in individual plasma levels of IL-6 or IL-8 between the CON and FI. The combined serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 was more predictive of NEC stage II/III (area under the curve = 0.80; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.69–0.92; p < 0.0001).

Conclusion IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly elevated in infants with definitive surgical NEC but not those with FI. The combined level of IL-6 and IL-8 may be useful for distinguishing infants with suspect NEC/FI from those with NEC.

Keywords

necrotizing enterocolitis - neonatal intensive care unit - interleukin - tumor necrosis factor-α

Funding

The authors received a grant from The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute.


 

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