Bewegung und Adipositas im Kindes-und Jugendalter

Zusammenfassung

Die Prävalenz der Adipositas nimmt im Kindes- und Jugendalter drastisch zu und Umwelteinflüsse (Abnahme körperlicher Bewegung und Zunahme hochkalorischer Ernährung) sind pathogenetisch von zentraler Bedeutung. Die Arbeitsgemeinschaft Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter (AGA) formuliert in ihren Leitlinien, dass die erfolgreiche Prävention der kindlichen Adipositas eine Umstrukturierung des Gesundheitsverhaltens und regelmäßige körperliche Bewegung bereits im Alltag von Vorschulkindern beinhaltet. Geeignete Messinstrumente zur Erfassung der körperlichen Aktivität werden nachfolgend vorgestellt. Mit den Ergebnissen der KIGGS-Studie liegen erstmals Daten zur aktuellen Fitness und zur motorischen Leistungsfähigkeit von Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland vor. Die Erstellung evidenzbasierter Präventions- und Interventionsprogramme für “Risikokinder” im Kindergarten und Vorschulalter ist notwendig, um die Adipositas-Epidemie im Kindes- und Jugendalter aufzuhalten.

Summary

The prevalence of obesity has increased drastically in childhood and adolescence, and life style (reduced physical activity, increased intake of high-caloric products) plays a role of major significance in the pathogenesis of the disease. The “Arbeitsgemeinschaft Adipositas im Kindes- und Jugendalter” (AGA) has implemented that a successful prevention of juvenile obesity is based on a healthy life style that includes regular, daily physical activity already at preschool. Appropriate tools to measure physical activity are discussed herein. The results of the KIGGS-study present for the first time data on the fitness levels and physical performance in children and adolescents in Germany. Evidence-based prevention and intervention strategies for preschoolers and school-children at risk towards the development of obesity are mandatory to stop the global increase of juvenile obesity.

Schlüsselwörter

Adipositas - Bewegung - Lebensstil - Prävention

Keywords

Obesity - physical activity - life style - prevention

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