Download PDF
J Pediatr Intensive Care 2021; 10(04): 276-281
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1716831
Original Article

Family Presence and Visitation Practices in Latin American PICUs: An International Survey

Sebastián González-Dambrauskas 
1   Red Colaborativa Pediátrica de Latinoamérica, Montevideo, Uruguay
2   Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediátricos Especializados, Casa de Galicia, Montevideo, Uruguay
,
Cecilia Mislej
1   Red Colaborativa Pediátrica de Latinoamérica, Montevideo, Uruguay
3   Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Pediatricos, Hospital Evangélico, Montevideo, Uruguay
,
Pablo Vásquez-Hoyos 
1   Red Colaborativa Pediátrica de Latinoamérica, Montevideo, Uruguay
4   Departamento de Pediatría, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia
5   Departamento de Pediatría, Fundación Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Bogotá, Colombia
6   Unidad de Cuidado intensivo Pediátrico, Sociedad de Cirugía Hospital de San José, Bogotá, Colombia
,
Alexandre Tellechea Rotta 
7   Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, United States
› Author Affiliations Funding None.
› Further Information
    Permissions and Reprints

Abstract

Over the last two decades, there has been a worldwide cultural shift toward family-centered intensive care. In this article, we conducted a survey of 47 pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) across 11 Latin American countries to assess visitation practices and bedside family presence (with a 97.9% response rate). All PICUs had at least some form of parental visitation. The prevalence of unrestricted (24 hours/day) parental visitation was 63%. Sibling visitation was permitted in 23% of PICUs, while 35% allowed family presence during procedures, and 46% during resuscitation. Only 1 PICU allowed pet visitation. Family visitation and bedside presence are still restrictive in Latin American PICUs, with wide practice variation among the various intensive care units.

Keywords

family - visiting policy - pediatric intensive care

Authors' Contributions

S.G.-D. and A.T.R. performed conceptualization and design of the study, secured administrative support, and took part in building of survey data; S.G.-D., P.V.-H., A.T.R. contributed in data analysis and interpretation; provision of study materials or patients were performed by all authors, along with collection and assembly of data; all authors contributed in manuscript writing and the final version of the manuscript is approved by all authors.




Publication History

Received: 10 June 2020

Accepted: 12 August 2020

Article published online:
14 September 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • References

  • 1 Watson RS, Choong K, Colville G. et al. Life after critical illness in children-toward an understanding of pediatric post-intensive care syndrome. J Pediatr 2018; 198: 16-24
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Needham DM, Davidson J, Cohen H. et al. Improving long-term outcomes after discharge from intensive care unit: report from a stakeholders' conference. Crit Care Med 2012; 40 (02) 502-509
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Manning JC, Pinto NP, Rennick JE, Colville G, Curley MAQ. Conceptualizing post intensive care syndrome in children-the PICS-p framework. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2018; 19 (04) 298-300
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Davidson JE, Aslakson RA, Long AC. et al. Guidelines for family-centered care in the neonatal, pediatric, and adult ICU. Crit Care Med 2017; 45 (01) 103-128
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Meert KL, Clark J, Eggly S. Family-centered care in the pediatric intensive care unit. Pediatr Clin North Am 2013; 60 (03) 761-772
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Segers E, Ockhuijsen H, Baarendse P, van Eerden I, van den Hoogen A. The impact of family centred care interventions in a neonatal or paediatric intensive care unit on parents' satisfaction and length of stay: a systematic review. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2019; 50: 63-70
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Chow SM. Challenging restricted visiting policies in critical care. Off J Can Assoc Crit Care Nurs 1999; 10 (02) 24-27
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Institute of Medicine. Crossing the Quality Chasm: A New Health System for the 21st Century. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2001
    Google Scholar
  • 9 Pun BT, Balas MC, Barnes-Daly MA. et al. Caring for critically ill patients with the ABCDEF bundle: results of the ICU liberation collaborative in over 15,000 adults. Crit Care Med 2019; 47 (01) 3-14
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Nassar AJr, Besen BAMP, Robinson CC, Falavigna M, Teixeira C, Rosa RG. Flexible versus restrictive visiting policies in ICUs: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care Med 2018; 46 (07) 1175-1180
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Rosa RG, Falavigna M, da Silva DB. ICU Visits Study Group Investigators and the Brazilian Research in Intensive Care Network (BRICNet). et al. Effect of flexible family visitation on delirium among patients in the intensive care unit: the ICU visits randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2019; 322 (03) 216-228
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Vandijck DM, Labeau SO, Geerinckx CE. Executive Board of the Flemish Society for Critical Care Nurses, Ghent and Edegem, Belgium. et al. An evaluation of family-centered care services and organization of visiting policies in Belgian intensive care units: a multicenter survey. Heart Lung 2010; 39 (02) 137-146
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Ramos FJ, Fumis RR, de Azevedo LC, Schettino G. Intensive care unit visitation policies in Brazil: a multicenter survey. Rev Bras Ter Intensiva 2014; 26 (04) 339-346
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Garrouste-Orgeas M, Vinatier I, Tabah A, Misset B, Timsit JF. Reappraisal of visiting policies and procedures of patient's family information in 188 French ICUs: a report of the Outcomerea Research Group. Ann Intensive Care 2016; 6 (01) 82
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Khaleghparast S, Joolaee S, Ghanbari B, Maleki M, Peyrovi H, Bahrani N. A review of visiting policies in intensive care units. Glob J Health Sci 2015; 8 (06) 267-276
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Escudero D, Martín L, Viña L. et al. Visitation policy, design and comfort in Spanish intensive care units [in Spanish]. Rev Calid Asist 2015; 30 (05) 243-250
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Liu V, Read JL, Scruth E, Cheng E. Visitation policies and practices in US ICUs. Crit Care 2013; 17 (02) R71
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Cappellini E, Bambi S, Lucchini A, Milanesio E. Open intensive care units: a global challenge for patients, relatives, and critical care teams. Dimens Crit Care Nurs 2014; 33 (04) 181-193
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Giannini A, Miccinesi G. Parental presence and visiting policies in Italian pediatric intensive care units: a national survey. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2011; 12 (02) e46-e50
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Giannini A, Miccinesi G, Prandi E. ODIN Study Group 2. Parental presence in Italian pediatric intensive care units: a reappraisal of current visiting policies. Intensive Care Med 2017; 43 (03) 458-459
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Rozdilsky JR. Enhancing sibling presence in pediatric ICU. Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 2005; 17 (04) 451-461, xii xii.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Foster JR, AlOthmani FI, Seabrook JA, AlOfisan T, AlGarni YM, Sarpal A. Parental presence at the bedside of critically ill children in a unit with unrestricted visitation. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2018; 19 (08) e387-e393
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Hosey MM, Jaskulski J, Wegener ST, Chlan LL, Needham DM. Animal-assisted intervention in the ICU: a tool for humanization. Crit Care 2018; 22 (01) 22
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Sanders Jr RC, Nett ST, Davis KF. National Emergency Airway Registry for Children NEAR4KIDS Investigators, Pediatric Acute Lung Injury and Sepsis Investigators Network. et al. Family presence during pediatric tracheal intubations. JAMA Pediatr 2016; 170 (03) e154627
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Franchi R, Idiarte L, Darrigol J. et al. Open-door pediatric intensive care units: experiences and parents' opinions. Arch Pediatr Urug 2018; 89: 165-170
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Caballero AE. Understanding the Hispanic/Latino patient. Am J Med 2011; 124 (10) S10-S15
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Yakubu YH, Esmaeili M, Navab E. Family members' beliefs and attitudes towards visiting policy in the intensive care units of Ghana. Nurs Open 2019; 6 (02) 526-534
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Athanasiou A, Papathanassoglou ED, Patiraki E, McCarthy MS, Giannakopoulou M. Family visitation in Greek intensive care units: nurses' perspective. Am J Crit Care 2014; 23 (04) 326-333
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Berti D, Ferdinande P, Moons P. Beliefs and attitudes of intensive care nurses toward visits and open visiting policy. Intensive Care Med 2007; 33 (06) 1060-1065
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar