Die Rolle früher parenteraler Ernährung bei Tumorpatienten

Zusammenfassung

Malnutrition und Kachexie sind häufige Ursachen für ungewollten Gewichtsverlust und können zu Sarkopenie führen, welche ihrerseits für funktionelle Einschränkungen bei onkologischen Patienten verantwortlich ist. Mit zunehmendem Verständnis der pathophysiologischen Grundlagen dieser Krankheitsbilder richtet sich das Augenmerk zunehmend auf frühzeitigen Einsatz von Ernährungsinterventionen. Auch funktionelle Störungen des Gastrointestinaltrakts müssen erkannt werden und sind bei der Wahl der Ernährungsunterstützung zu berücksichtigen. Gerade bei intermittierend hohem Kalorienbedarf ist bei bestehendem venösen Portsystem die Indikation zur parenteralen Ernährung bei malnutrierten Patienten und Patienten in frühen Kachexiephasen großzügig zu stellen.

Abstract

Malnutrition and cachexia are common in patients with malignancy, leading to weight loss and functional impairment due to sarcopenia. The growing understanding of the underlying patho-physiological mechanisms longs for early nutritional interventions. By choosing the route of nutritional support functional gastrointestinal impairments also have to be considered. Especially in short-term periods of increased calorie-need parenteral nutrition should be offered to malnourished patients and patients suffering from early stages of cachexia with a venous port system present.

Schlüsselwörter

Tumor - Kachexie - Malnutrition - parenterale Ernährung

Keywords

cancer - cachexia - malnutrition - parenteral nutrition

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