JAAA CEU Program

The questions refer to Tamaki et al, “Deaf Individuals Who Report Having Good Balance Function Present with Signifi cant Vestibular Defi cits,” pages 510–520.

Learner Outcomes

Readers of this article should be able to:

• Characterize self-reported balance ability and clinically assessed balance and vestibular function in adults who self-identify as deaf.

• Describe why it is important for health-care providers to thoroughly discuss balance and vestibular symptoms with individuals who self-identify as deaf.

 

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CEU Questions

1. Studies from Belgium, Canada, Finland, and the United States suggest the prevalence of vestibular and balance problems in children to be:

   • Up to 17 percent in unilaterally or bilaterally deaf children and 0.45 percent in the general pediatric population.

   • Up to 17 percent in unilaterally or bilaterally deaf children and up to 8 percent in the general pediatric population.

   • Up to 48 percent in unilaterally or bilaterally deaf children and up to 8 percent in the general pediatric population.

2. What do previous studies suggest regarding congruence between subjective reports and objective measures of balance functions?

   • Patients underreport dizziness and imbalance symptoms.

   • Patients overreport dizziness and imbalance symptoms.

   • There is generally good agreement between balance test results and self-reported symptoms.

3. The vast majority of deaf participants in this study reported the age of onset at:

   • Birth/congenital

   • 0–3 years

   • 4 years and older

4. In this study, when asked to rate their balance function,

   • Approximately 50 percent of deaf participants and 60 percent of hearing participants rated 3 (good) or 4 (excellent).

   • Approximately 70 percent of deaf participants and 70 percent of hearing participants rated 3 (good) or 4 (excellent).

   • Approximately 80 percent of deaf participants and 90 percent of hearing participants rated 3 (good) or 4 (excellent).

5. Approximately what percentage of the deaf participants who rated their balance function to be good or excellent presented with unilaterally or bilaterally absent cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs)?

   • 55 percent

   • 75 percent

   • 95 percent

6. Approximately 35 percent of the deaf participants who rated their balance function to be good or excellent presented with sway velocity above the normal cutoff during Condition 4 (C4) of the Modifi ed Clinical Test of Sensory Integration Balance (mCTSIB). Which of the following signifi cantly increases the likelihood of excess sway in C4?

   • Self-reported rating of “fair”

   • Bilaterally absent ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMP) or cVEMP

   • Bilaterally or unilaterally absent oVEMP or cVEMP

7. Which of the following is correct about the expected oVEMP presentations, according to Murnane et al (2011)?

   • Approximately one-third of subjects with normal audiovestibular functions have oVEMP responses at 120dB pSPL.

   • Approximately two-thirds of subjects with normal audiovestibular functions have oVEMP responses at 120dB pSPL.

   • Almost all (>90 percent) subjects with normal audiovestibular functions have oVEMP responses at 120dB pSPL.

8. Which of the following most strongly predicts balance function in older adults?

   • Self restriction of physical activity.

   • Balance confi dence.

   • Fear of falling.

9. Which of the following is most likely to account for the lack of signifi cant group diff erences between deaf and hearing adults seen on mCTSIB despite diff erences seen on vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (VEMPs)?

   • Large diff erences in age between groups.

   • Vestibular compensation mechanisms.

   • The mCTSIB is not a sensitive measure of balance function.

10. Which of the following was discussed in the article as a possible reason that the etiology of hearing loss in deaf adults is often unknown?

    • Many researchers are not thorough enough in their efforts to ascertain the etiologies.

    • Many deaf adults' health records at birth are incomplete or unavailable.

    • Many deaf adults do not perceive the knowledge of etiologies to be important.

 

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Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
29. Dezember 2021