Wie aussagekräftig sind die instrumentellen akustischen Irregularitätsparameter Jitter und Shimmer in der Stimmdiagnostik?

Zusammenfassung

Gemäß europäischen und US-amerikanischen Richtlinien werden im Kindes- und Erwachsenenalter zum Nachweis von Stimmstörungen instrumentelle akustische Messungen der Irregularitätsparameter Jitter und Shimmer empfohlen. In der klinischen Anwendung gibt es eine Reihe von pragmatischen und physiologischen Einflussfaktoren wie die Sprechlautstärke, das Geschlecht oder das Alter, welche die Messergebnisse signifikant beeinflussen. Bisher kann der Einfluss dieser Faktoren nur begrenzt in der Standarduntersuchung kontrolliert werden, sodass die Reliabilität und als Konsequenz auch die Validität von objektiven Indices wie Jitter und Shimmer eingeschränkt sind. Beide Parameter können zum Vergleich von Vorher-Nachher-Effekten herangezogen werden, wenn die Messbedingungen und auch die Sprechlautstärke identisch oder vergleichbar sind. Die Messergebnisse müssen jedoch immer individuell interpretiert werden und sind stimmdiagnostisch gesehen ein unabhängiges Merkmal, das zum Eindruck der Stimmfunktion beitragen kann.

Abstract

According to European and US American recommendations, instrumental acoustic measurements of jitter and shimmer form part of comprehensive voice examination in children and adults. However, a number of pragmatic and physiologic influencing factors, such as differences in habitual speaking voice intensity, gender and age, significantly affect clinical measurements. To date, the influence of these factors can be controlled in standard investigations only to a limited extent, but at the risk of potentially losing clinically important information. Therefore, the reliability and validity of clinical jitter and shimmer measurements have to be considered as limited, and measurements should be interpreted on an individual basis.

Schlüsselwörter

Jitter - Shimmer - Stimmdiagnostik - Stimmstörung

Key words

jitter - shimmer - voice diagnostics - voice disorder

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