Zusammenfassung
Das Gesundheitswesen in Entwicklungsländern steht im
Spannungsfeld zwischen zwei Zielen: Nachhaltigkeit und Zugänglichkeit. Eine mehrmonatige
Untersuchung der Krankenhäuser der Evang. Lutherischen Kirche in Tansania (ELCT)
zeigte
jedoch, dass die überwiegende Mehrheit dieser Institutionen weder eine Überlebenschance
hat, noch einen maßgeblichen Beitrag zur Gesundheitsversorgung der Armen leistet.
Aufbauend
auf dieser Untersuchung werden einige Maßnahmen diskutiert, um das kirchliche
Gesundheitswesen in Entwicklungsländern gemäß den Zielen der Nachhaltigkeit und
Zugänglichkeit zu transformieren. Es zeigt sich jedoch, dass es nicht genügen
wird, die
technische Effizienz bestehender Krankenhäuser zu erhöhen. Eine komplette
Umstrukturierung im Sinne des Primary Health Care erscheint derzeit als der einzige
Weg, um dem
kirchlichen Gesundheitswesen in diesen Ländern das Überleben und vielen Patienten
eine
adäquate Gesundheitsversorgung zu garantieren.
Sustainability and Affortability: A Conflict that Cannot Be Resolved? -
Exemplified by the Situation of the Lutheran Church in Tanzania
Public Health systems in
developing countries are in a field of tension between two poles: sustainability
and accessibility.
A several months check on hospitals run by the Lutheran Church in Tanzania led
us to conclude,
however, that the great majority of these institutions have neither a survival
chance nor have they
made any substantial contribution to the status of public health care for the
poor. Basing on the
results of this check we discuss a few measures to transform church-run public
health systems in
developing countries in accordance with the goals of sustainability and accessibility.
It is,
however, evident that it will not be enough just to increase the technical efficiency
of existing
hospitals. What is needed - and this seems indeed to be the only feasible way
- is to
effect a complete reorganisation in the sense of Primary Health Care. It is only
then that
church-run Public Health Care may survive in these countries and that provision
of adequate health
care can be ensured for many patients.
Key words
Sustainability - Africa - Tanzania - Public Health
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Prof. Dr. Steffen Fleßa
Evang. Fachhochschule Nürnberg
Fachbereich Pflegemanagement
Bärenschanzstraße 4
90429 Nürnberg