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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027253
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Pattern of Macular Thickness Changes Measured by Ocular Coherence Tomography in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis
Verteilung der Retinadicke in der Makula bei Patienten mit Multipler SklerosePublikationsverlauf
received: 26.8.2007
accepted: 19.10.2007
Publikationsdatum:
05. Mai 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Analyse retinaler Veränderungen der Makula bei Patienten mit Multipler Sklerose (MS). Patienten und Methoden: Die retinale Dicke wurde im Makulazentrum (Fovea und Innenring) und in der Makulaperipherie (äußerer Ring) bei 15 MS-Patienten und 15 Kontrollprobanden mit der okulären Kohärenztomografie gemessen und analysiert. Ergebnisse: Augen bei MS-Patienten zeigten durchschnittlich eine dünnere Makula (241,8 ± 20,6 Mikrometer) als die Kontrollaugen (252,0 ± 16,4, p value 0,038). Insbesondere wies das Makulazentrum signifikante Unterschiede auf (p = 0,013). Augen von MS-Patienten mit positiver Anamnese einer retrobulbären Optikusneuritis (RBN) hatten im Durchschnitt eine dünnere Makula (226,8 ± 14,0) als die Augen von MS-Patienten ohne Anamnese einer RBN (247,3 ± 20,1, p value 0,01). Ein Vergleich zwischen den Augen bei MS-Patienten ohne Anamnese der RBN und der Kontrollaugen zeigte ein signifikant unterschiedliches Verhältnis zwischen der zentralen und peripheren makulären Retinadicke (p = 0,017). Im Gegensatz zu den Kontrollaugen (r = - 0,63, p = 0,0002) korrelierte die durchschnittliche makuläre Retinadicke der Augen bei MS-Patienten ohne durchgemachte RBN nicht mit dem Alter (r = 0,01, p = 0,97); es zeigte sich jedoch eine statistisch grenzwertige Korrelation mit der Krankheitsdauer der MS (r = - 0,41, p = 0,056). Schlussfolgerungen: Bei MS-Patienten findet sich im Vergleich zu peripheren Anteilen eine Verdünnung zentraler Bereiche der Makula. Dieses Muster der makulären Retinadicke ist am ehesten durch die histologische Verteilung der Nervenfasernschicht und der retinalen Ganglienzellen bedingt und weist bei MS-Patienten ohne RBN auf mögliche entzündungsunabhängige neurodegenerative Prozesse hin.
Abstract
Background: An analysis of the pattern of retinal thickness changes in macula in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) was performed. Patients and Methods: In fifteen patients with MS retinal thickness measurements in the central (fovea plus inner macular ring) and peripheral (outer ring) macula obtained by ocular coherence tomography (OCT-3 device) were compared to those of 15 age-matched healthy controls. Results: Eyes of MS patients had on the average a thinner macula (241.8 ± 20.6 micrometres) than control eyes (252.0 ± 16.4, p value 0.038). Significant segmental differences occurred in the central macula (p = 0.013). Eight eyes with a positive history of optic neuritis (ON) had on average a thinner macula (226.8 ± 14.0) than eyes of MS patients without a history of ON (non-ON eyes: 247.3 ± 20.1, p value 0.01). The only measure significantly different between non-ON and control eyes was the ratio between the central and peripheral macular thickness (p = 0.017). Average macular thickness in non-ON eyes, unlike control eyes (r = - 0.63, p = 0.0002), did not correlate with age (r = 0.01, p = 0.97), however, it did show a borderline correlation with disease duration (r = - 0.41, p = 0.056). Conclusions: Preferential thinning in the central relative to the peripheral macular region is present in eyes of patients with MS. The macular thickness pattern is likely due to the histological distribution of nerve fibre layer and retinal ganglion cell in the macular area and seems to be particularly informative of neurodegeneration in the eyes of MS patients without a history of optic neuritis.
Schlüsselwörter
Multiple Sklerose - Retinadicke - Makula - okuläre Kohärenztomografie
Key words
ocular coherence tomography - multiple sclerosis - macula - macular thickness
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Matthias Mehling, MD
Outpatient Neurology Clinic, University Hospital Basel
Petersgraben 4
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Switzerland
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