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Tierarztl Prax Ausg G Grosstiere Nutztiere 2020; 48(06): 414-421
DOI: 10.1055/a-1274-9057
Übersichtsartikel

Das Schwein in der peripartalen Periode: klinische, ethologische, endokrinologische und stoffwechselbezogene Aspekte

Clinical, ethologic, endokrinologic, and metabolic aspects of the peripartal period in pigs
Sarah Blim   *
Klinik für Geburtshilfe, Gynäkologie und Andrologie der Groß- und Kleintiere, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
,
Desiree Schupp   *
Klinik für Geburtshilfe, Gynäkologie und Andrologie der Groß- und Kleintiere, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
,
Hartwig Bostedt
Klinik für Geburtshilfe, Gynäkologie und Andrologie der Groß- und Kleintiere, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen
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Widmung

Wir widmen diesen Artikel Herrn Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. mult. Bernd Hoffmann zum 80. Geburtstag.

Zusammenfassung

Ziel dieses Übersichtsartikels ist, einen Überblick über die relevante Literatur zum Geburtsgeschehen beim Schwein zu schaffen. Wie bei allen Säugetieren wird die Geburt beim Schwein in 3 Phasen (I–III) unterteilt (Öffnungs-, Austreibungs-, direktes Nachgeburtsstadium), in denen diverse essenzielle endokrine und metabolische Regulationsmechanismen den Partus einleiten respektive unterhalten. Hierzu zählen u. a. die Hormone Progesteron, Kortisol, Prostaglandin F2α, Oxytozin, Estradiol, Relaxin, aber auch Elektrolyte, Enzyme und Stoffwechselprodukte wie Kalzium, Magnesium, anorganisches Phosphat, Glukose, Kreatinkinase, Laktat, nicht veresterte freie Fettsäuren und β-Hydroxybutyrat. Liegen, allgemein gesagt, exo- oder endogene Störfaktoren vor, kommt es zu Verzögerungen oder gar zum Erliegen der Wehenmechanik. Als möglicher exogener Störfaktor kann z. B. die Haltungsform angesehen werden. Endogene Störfaktoren können durch die insuffiziente Speicherung und/oder Ausschüttung der genannten partusrelevanten Parameter entstehen. Ein solcher dystokischer Zustand stört die reproduktive Fitness des Mutterschweins temporär oder dauerhaft und beeinträchtigt die Vitalität der Neonaten unmittelbar post natum, was die Überlebensrate verringern kann.

Abstract

The aim of this review article is to provide an overview of the literature relevant to the peripartal period in swine. As in all other mammals, the farrowing process in pigs is divided into 3 phases (I–III; opening, expulsion, and postnatal stage), during which various essential endocrine and metabolic mechanisms initiate or maintain parturition. These include the hormones progesterone, cortisol, prostaglandin F2α, oxytocin, estradiol, relaxin as well as electrolytes, enzymes, and metabolites such as calcium, magnesium, inorganic phosphate, glucose, creatine kinase, lactate, non-esterified free fatty acids, and β-hydroxybutyrate. Exogenous or endogenous disruptive factors may result in a delay or even stagnation of labor. For example, the form of husbandry may represent a possible exogenous disruptive factor. Endogenous disruptive factors may arise from insufficient storage and/or distribution of the above-mentioned labor-associated parameters. Subsequent dystocia leads to temporary or permanent consequences for maternal reproductive fitness and impairs piglet vitality at the time of birth, possibly resulting in lower survival rates.

Schlüsselwörter

Mutterschwein - Geburt - Ferkelvitalität - Haltungsform

Key words

Sow - parturition - piglet vitality - housing condition

Fußnote

* Geteilte Erstautorenschaft




Publication History

Received: 18 March 2020

Accepted: 22 June 2020

Article published online:
04 December 2020

© 2020. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

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