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Planta Med 2018; 84(12/13): 874-880
DOI: 10.1055/a-0635-8369
Reviews
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Review: Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation (ERAD)-Dependent Control of (Tri)terpenoid Metabolism in Plants

Marie-Laure Erffelinck
1   Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
2   VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
,
Alain Goossens
1   Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
2   VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received 31 January 2018
revised 17 May 2018

accepted 23 May 2018

Publication Date:
15 June 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Plants are sessile organisms. Therefore, they developed the capacity to quickly respond to biotic and abiotic environmental stresses, for instance by producing a broad spectrum of bioactive specialized metabolites. In this defense response, the jasmonate phytohormones can instigate a signaling cascade that leads to the specific elicitation and reprograming of numerous metabolic pathways. Recent research progress has provided several insights into the regulatory networks of many specialized metabolic pathways, mainly at the transcriptional level. Nonetheless, our view on the regulation of defense metabolism remains far from comprehensive. Here, we describe the recent advances obtained with regard to one aspect of the regulation of plant specialized metabolism, namely the posttranslational regulation of enzyme stability. We focus on terpenoid biosynthesis and in particular on the rate-limiting and well-investigated enzyme of the terpenoid precursor pathway, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGR). There are clear similarities, as well as important mechanistic differences, among the components involved in the posttranslational regulation of terpenoid biosynthesis via HMGR in plants, yeasts, and mammals. Furthermore, in plants, several of these components evolved to respond to specific signaling cues. Indeed, the elements of the plant endoplasmic reticulum-associated degradation (ERAD) and ER stress-associated processes can be induced upon environmental stresses and during specific developmental processes, thereby allowing a unique posttranslational regulation of terpenoid biosynthesis pathways.

Key words

3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase - mevalonate - triterpenoid - endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation - endoplasmic reticulum stress - saponin
 

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