Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition by Kavalactones from Kava (Piper Methysticum)

Denise Prinsloo; Sandra van Dyk; Anél Petzer; Jacobus P. Petzer

doi:10.1055/a-1008-9491

Planta Medica, Inhaltsverzeichnis

Planta Med 2019; 85(14/15): 1136-1142
DOI: 10.1055/a-1008-9491

Biological and Pharmacological Activity

Original Papers

Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibition by Kavalactones from Kava (Piper Methysticum)

Autoren

Denise Prinsloo

Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
Sandra van Dyk

Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
Anél Petzer

Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa
Jacobus P. Petzer

Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy and Centre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa

Abstract

Monoamine oxidases (MAOs) are key metabolic enzymes for neurotransmitter and dietary amines and are targets for the treatment of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. This study examined the MAO inhibition potential of kavain and other kavalactones from the roots of kava (Piper methysticum), a plant that has been used for its anxiolytic properties. (±)-Kavain was found to be a good potency in vitro inhibitor of human MAO-B with an IC₅₀ of 5.34 µM. (±)-Kavain is a weaker MAO-A inhibitor with an IC₅₀ of 19.0 µM. Under the same experimental conditions, the reference MAO inhibitor, curcumin, displays IC₅₀ values of 5.01 µM and 2.55 µM for the inhibition of MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. It was further established that (±)-kavain interacts reversibly and competitively with MAO-A and MAO-B with enzyme-inhibitor dissociation constants (K_i) of 7.72 and 5.10 µM, respectively. Curcumin in turn, displays a K_i value of 3.08 µM for the inhibition of MAO-A. Based on these findings, other kavalactones (dihydrokavain, methysticin, dihydromethysticin, yangonin, and desmethoxyyangonin) were also evaluated as MAO inhibitors in this study. Yangonin proved to be the most potent MAO inhibitor with IC₅₀ values of 1.29 and 0.085 µM for MAO-A and MAO-B, respectively. It may be concluded that some of the central effects (e.g., anxiolytic) of kava may be mediated by MAO inhibition.

Key words

monoamine oxidase - inhibition - kava - Piper methysticum - Piperaceae - kavain - yangonin

Volltext

Referenzen

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