Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2021; 238(08): 885-892
DOI: 10.1055/a-1409-9268
Klinische Studie

Highly Concentrated Autologous Platelet-Rich Plasma Restores Foveal Anatomy in Lamellar Macular Hole Surgery

Hochkonzentriertes autologes Thrombozytenkonzentrat verbessert die foveale Anatomie in der chirurgischen Therapie von Makulaschichtforamina
Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
,
Matthias Nobl
Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
,
Denise Vogt
Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
,
Benedikt Schworm
Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
,
Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
,
Thomas Kreutzer
Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
,
Nikolaus Luft
Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
,
Siegfried Priglinger
Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Munich, Germany
› Institutsangaben

Abstract

Background Lamellar macular holes (LMHs) are an entity of a progressive disease in which the efficacy of the therapy of choice, vitrectomy, seems to be reduced. It is unknown whether highly concentrated autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is of value in the therapy of LMHs. The purpose of this study was to gauge the potential of highly concentrated PRP to restore foveal anatomy in LMH surgery.

Patients and Methods In this interventional case series, eight eyes of eight patients with progressive LMH were included. All patients underwent a 23-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with induction of a posterior vitreous detachment and peeling of tractive epiretinal membranes whenever present. Under air tamponade, 0.1 mL of highly concentrated autologous PRP was applied. Subsequently, a gas or air tamponade was performed. All patients were instructed to rest in the supine position for the first 1 to 2 postoperative hours. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) testing, microperimetry, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and fundus photography were performed prior to and 3 months after surgery.

Results SD-OCT showed closure of the macular defect with restoration of a normal foveal configuration in all (8 of 8) patients 3 months postoperatively. BCVA improved significantly, from 0.28 ± 0.08 to 0.12 ± 0.14 logMAR (Wilcoxon: p = 0.03). Microperimetry remained unchanged (24.13 ± 1.96 vs. 23.7 ± 1.54 dB; p = 0.46). No clinically significant intra- or postoperative complications were observed.

Conclusion The use of highly concentrated PRP enables excellent anatomical and functional outcomes in the surgical therapy of LMH. Further prospective comparative trials are warranted to compare this promising technique with existing surgical strategies.

Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund Makulaschichtforamina sind eine progrediente Erkrankung, bei der die Wirksamkeit der Therapie der Wahl, der Vitrektomie, reduziert zu sein scheint. Das Potenzial von hochkonzentriertem autologem Thrombozytenkonzentrat (Platelet-rich Plasma, PRP) in der Therapie von Makulaschichtforamina ist unbekannt. Ziel dieser Studie ist die Beurteilung des Potenzials von hochkonzentriertem autologem Thrombozytenkonzentrat in der chirurgischen Therapie von Makulaschichtforamina.

Patienten und Methoden In diese interventionelle Fallserie wurden 8 Augen von 8 Patienten mit progressivem LMH eingeschlossen. Alle Patienten erhielten eine 23-Gauge-Pars-plana-Vitrektomie mit Induktion einer hinteren Glaskörperabhebung und Peeling traktiver epiretinaler Membranen, sofern vorhanden. Unter Lufttamponade wurde 0,1 ml hochkonzentriertes autologes Thrombozytenkonzentrat appliziert. Anschließend wurde eine Gas- oder Lufttamponade eingegeben. Alle Patienten wurden angewiesen, in den ersten 1 – 2 postoperativen Stunden in Rückenlage zu ruhen. Der bestkorrigierte Visus (BCVA), Mikroperimetrie, optische Kohärenztomografie (SD-OCT) und die Fundusfotografie erfolgten präoperativ sowie 3 Monate postoperativ.

Ergebnisse In der SD-OCT zeigte sich einen Verschluss des Makuladefekts mit Wiederherstellung der normalen fovealen Konfiguration bei allen (8 von 8) Patienten 3 Monate postoperativ. Die bestkorrigierte Sehschärfe verbesserte sich signifikant von 0,28 ± 0,08 auf 0,12 ± 0,14 logMAR (Wilcoxon: p = 0,03). Die Mikroperimetrie blieb stabil (24,13 ± 1,96 vs. 23,7 ± 1,54 dB; p = 0,46). Es wurden keine klinisch signifikanten intra- oder postoperativen Komplikationen beobachtet.

Schlussfolgerung Die Verwendung von hochkonzentriertem autologem Thrombozytenkonzentrat ermöglicht hervorragende anatomische und funktionelle Ergebnisse in der chirurgischen Therapie der Makulaschichtforamina. Weitere prospektive Vergleichsstudien sind notwendig, um diese vielversprechende Technik mit bestehenden chirurgischen Strategien zu vergleichen.



Publikationsverlauf

Eingereicht: 12. Dezember 2020

Angenommen: 18. Februar 2021

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
17. Mai 2021

© 2021. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 
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