Synthesis 2022(23): 3787-3792  
DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083230
PAPER
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart ˙ New York

Bismuth(III)-Catalyzed Rapid Synthesis of 2,3-Disubstituted Quinoxalines in Water

Jhillu S. Yadav*, Basi V. Subba Reddy, Kokku Premalatha, Kattela Shiva Shankar
Division of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
Fax: +91(40)27160512; e-Mail: yadavpub@iict.res.in;
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Publication History

Received 26 June 2008
Publication Date:
14 November 2008 (online)

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Abstract

A variety of 2,3-disubstituted quinoxalines are readily prepared in high yields under extremely mild conditions by cyclocondensation of arene-1,2-diamines with 1,2-dicarbonyls using a catalytic amount of bismuth(III) triflate. The reactions of 2,3-di­aminopyridine with 1,2-dicarbonyls produce pyrido[2,3-b]pyrazine derivatives under similar conditions.

Key words

bismuth(III) compounds - 1,2-dicarbonyls - vicinal-diamines - quinoxalines

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