Abstract
Bryophyllum pinnatum is a succulent perennial plant native to
Madagascar which is used in anthroposophical medicine to treat psychiatric
disorders and as a tocolytic agent to prevent premature labour. We performed
a metabolite profiling study in order to obtain a comprehensive picture of
the constituents in B. pinnatum leaves and to identify
chromatographic markers for quality control and safety assessment of
medicinal preparations. Preliminary HPLC-PDA-ESIMS analyses revealed that
flavonoid glycosides were the main UV-absorbing constituents in the MeOH
extract of B. pinnatum. Two phenolic glucosides, syringic acid
β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (1) and
4′-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-cis-p-coumaric acid (2), as
well as nine flavonoids (3-11) including kaempferol,
quercetin, myricetin, acacetin, and diosmetin glycosides were unambiguously
identified by 1H and 2D NMR analysis after isolation from a MeOH
extract. The flavonol glycosides quercetin
3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3) and myricetin
3-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside
(4) were new natural products. With the aid of HPLC-PDA-APCIMS
and authentic references isolated from the related species B.
daigremontianum, the presence of four bufadienolides,
bersaldegenin-1-acetate (12), bryophyllin A (13),
bersaldegenin-3-acetate (14), and bersaldegenin-1,3,5-orthoacetate
(15) was detected in B. pinnatum.
Key words
Bryophyllum pinnatum
-
Kalanchoe pinnata
- Crassulaceae - HPLC-PDA-MS profiling - flavonoids - bufadienolides