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Eur J Pediatr Surg 2016; 26(06): 524-532
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1569150
Original Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Surgically Treated Pediatric Nonpapillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Samuel Golpanian
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
,
Jun Tashiro
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
,
Juan E. Sola
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
,
Casey Allen
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
,
John I. Lew
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
,
Anthony R. Hogan
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
,
Holly L. Neville
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
,
Eduardo A. Perez
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, United States
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

12 July 2015

17 October 2015

Publication Date:
18 December 2015 (online)

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Abstract

Introduction This study aims to update outcomes and predictors of survival on pediatric thyroid carcinoma, specifically examining pediatric patients with nonpapillary thyroid carcinoma who underwent surgical resection.

Methods Surveillance, epidemiology, and end results database were searched for pediatric cases (< 20 years old) of surgically treated nonpapillary thyroid carcinoma diagnosed from 1973 to 2011. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and survival outcomes were analyzed using standard statistical methods. All follicular, medullary, Hürthle-cell, and nonencapsulated sclerosing carcinoma types were included.

Results A total of 493 cases were identified. The overall incidence was 0.096/100,000 persons per year. The mean age at diagnosis was 15 years and highest incidence was found in whites, females, and patients aged 15 to 19 years. Most patients had localized (60%) or regional disease (35%) and only 38% received radiation (any type). Subtotal/total thyroidectomy was the most common procedure performed (83%) and 47% had lymph node sampling. The most common histologies were follicular (54%) and medullary (28%). Most tumors were > 2cm in size (63%). Overall 30-year survival was 91% but higher for females (94%, p = 0.02) and for local disease (92%). Disease-specific survival was highest for those with no lymph node sampling and negative lymph nodes. On multivariate analysis for medullary type only stage was an independent prognostic indicator of survival. Gender, age, tumor size, histology, and disease extent were not associated with an increased risk of mortality.

Conclusions Incidence of pediatric nonpapillary thyroid cancer is low. Females have a higher incidence but similar survival to males. Stage is the only independent prognostic indicator of survival for patients with medullary thyroid cancer.

Keywords

nonpapillary thyroid carcinoma - pediatric - survival - outcome predictors
 

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