Yam (Dioscorea batatas) Tuber Mucilage Exhibited Antioxidant Activities in Vitro

Abstract

The yam (Dioscorea batatas Decne) tuber mucilage (YTM) was extracted and partially purified by SDS and heating treatments. This purified YTM exhibited antioxidant activities in a series of in vitro tests, including 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical (half-inhibition concentration, IC₅₀, was 0.86 mg/mL) and hydroxyl radical (IC₅₀ was 22 μg/mL) scavenging activity assays, reducing power test, anti-lipid peroxidation and anti-human low density lipoprotein peroxidation tests (IC₅₀ was 145.46 μg/mL) using butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), reduced glutathione, or ascorbic acid for comparisons. With electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometry for DPPH radical detection, the intensities of the EPR signals were decreased by the increased amounts of YTM added (IC₅₀ was 1.62 mg/mL). These results suggest that mucilage of yam tuber might play roles as antiradicals and antioxidants.

Key words

Antioxidant - Dioscorea batatas - Dioscoreaceae - 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) - electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) - hydroxyl radical - mucilage

References

• 1 Harman D. Role of antioxidant nutrients in aging: overview.  Age. 1995;  18 51-62
• 2 Ames B N. Dietary carcinogens and anticarcinogens: oxygen radicals and degenerative diseases.  Science. 1983;  221 1256-64
• 3 Gey K F. The antioxidant hypothesis of cardiovascular disease: epidemiology and mechanisms.  Biochem Soc Trans. 1990;  18 1041-5
• 4 Hu C, Kitts D D. Studies on the antioxidant activity of Echinaceae root extract.  J Agric Food Chem. 2000;  48 1466-72
• 5 Rice-Evans C A, Miller N J, Paganga G. Antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds.  Trends Plant Sci.. 1997;  2 152-9
• 6 Hou W C, Chen Y C, Chen H J, Lin Y H, Yang L L, Lee M H. Antioxidant activities of trypsin inhibitor, a 33 kDa root storage protein of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam cv. Tainong 57).  J Agric Food Chem. 2001;  49 2978-81
• 7 Hou W C, Lee M H, Chen H J, Liang W L, Han C H, Liu Y W, Lin Y H. Antioxidant activities of dioscorin, the storage protein of yam (Dioscorea batatas Decne) tuber.  J Agric Food Chem. 2001;  49 4956-60
• 8 Misaki A, Ito T, Harada T. Constitutional studies on the mucilage of yamanoimo, Dioscorea batatas Decne, forma Tsukune. Isolation and structure of a mannan.  Agri Biol Chem. 1972;  36 761-71
• 9 Tsai S S, Tai F J. Studies on the mucilage from tuber of yam (Dioscorea alata Linn.) I. Isolation and purification of the mucilage.  J Chin Agri Chem Soc. 1984;  22 88-94
• 10 Lai L S, Chou S T, Chao W W. Studies on the antioxidant activities of hsian-tsao (Mesona procumbens Hemsl) leaf gum.  J Agric Food Chem. 2001;  49 963-8
• 11 Lee J M, Kwon H, Jeong H, Lee J W, Lee S Y, Baek S J, Surh Y J. Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and oxidative DNA damage by Ganoderma lucidum .  Phytother Res. 2001;  15 245-9
• 12 Halliwell B, Gutteridge J MC, Aruoma O I. The deoxyribose method: a simple test-tube assay for determination of rate constants for reactions of hydroxyl radicals.  Anal Biochem. 1987;  165 215-9
• 13 Yen G C, Chen H Y. Antioxidant activity of various tea extracts in relation to their antimutagenicity.  J Agric Food Chem. 1995;  43 27-32
• 14 Pham T Q, Cormier F, Farnworth E, Tong V H, Calsteren M V. Antioxidant properties of crocin from Gardenia jasminoides Ellis and study of reactions of crocin with linoleic acid and crocin with oxygen.  J Agric Food Chem. 2000;  48 1455-61
• 15 Yan L J, Droy-Lefaix T, Packer L. Ginkgo biloba extract (Egb 761) protects human low density lipoproteins against oxidative modification mediated by copper.  Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 1995;  212 360-6
• 16 Ohtani I I, Gotoh N, Tanaka J, Higa T, Gyamfi M A, Aniya Y. Thonningianins A and B, new antioxidants from the African medicinal herb Thonningia sanguinea .  J Nat Prod. 2000;  63 676-9
• 17 Halliwell B. Food-derived antioxidants. Evaluation of their importance in food and in vivo .  Food Sci Agric Chem. 1999;  1 67-109
• 18 Esterbauer H, Schaur R G, Zollner H. Chemistry and biochemistry of 4-hydroxynonenal, malondialdehyde and related aldehyde.  Free Rad Biol Med. 1991;  11 81-128
• 19 Steinbrecher U P. Oxidation of human low density lipoprotein results in derivatization of lysine residues of apolipoprotein B by lipid peroxide decomposition products.  J Biol Chem. 1987;  262 3603-8