Azulene-2-boronic acid pinacol ester was conveniently transformed
into 2-substituted azulenes bearing carboxyl, formyl, ester, or
amino groups, which are difficult to access by conventional methods.
Furthermore, the azulene-2-carboxylic acid thus synthesized was
subjected to the Ugi four-component condensation to obtain a dipeptide-type
product containing an azulene skeleton.
azulene - borylation - boronic acid ester - cross-coupling - Ugi four-component reaction