Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Erkennung klinischer und angiografischer Charakteristika retinaler angiomatöser Proliferation
(RAP) bei Patienten mit altersbedingter Makuladegeneration. Patienten und Methoden: 26 Augen von 24 Patienten mit RAP wurden einer retrospektiven Analyse unterzogen
bei Vorlage von Farb- und s/w-Bild, Fluoreszein- (FA-) und Indozyaningrün-Angiografie
(ICGA). Biomikroskopie und Angiografien wurden ausgewertet und die Videosequenzen
zur RAP-Einteilung verwendet. Ergebnisse: Es wurden 29 RAP diagnostiziert. Stadium 1 war bei 3 / 29, Stadium 2 bei 3 / 29 vorhanden,
Stadium 3 bei 23 / 29, von denen 21 chorioretinale Anastomosen hatten. Insgesamt waren
83 Gefäße beteiligt, 35 davon waren Arterien, 48 Venen. RAP erschienen zumeist als
„hot Spots“, in nur einem Fall plakoid. Retinale Pigmentepithelabhebung (PED) wurde
in 22 / 26 Fällen per ICGA gesehen, zystoides Makulaödem bei 13 / 26 per FA und intraretinale
ICG-Leckage bei 6 / 26 Augen. Retinale Blutungen traten bei 23 / 26 Augen auf; nur
eine davon war nicht intraretinal und kleiner als einen halben Papillendurchmesser
groß. 2 / 24 Patienten wiesen bilaterale RAP auf. Schlussfolgerungen: Der Verdacht auf RAP besteht bei harten Exsudaten, feinen intraretinalen Blutungen,
Pigmentepithelabhebung und „hot Spot“ in der ICGA. Sowohl FA- als auch ICG-Videoangiografie
bieten eine ausreichende zeitliche Auflösung und retinale Flussdarstellung, die eine
RAP-Stadieneinteilung und Darstellung von Anastomosen ermöglicht.
Abstract
Background: The aim of this study was to identify the clinical and angiographic features of retinal
angiomatous proliferations (RAPs) in patients with age-related macular degeneration.
Patients and Methods: 26 eyes of 24 patients with RAPs were retrospectively reviewed. All patients had
colour and red-free photographs, and fluorescein (FA) and indocyanine-green angiography
(ICGA). The biomicroscopic and angiographic characteristics were evaluated and video-angiograms
were analysed for staging the RAPs. Results: The total number of RAPs was 29. Stage 1 was present in 3 / 29, stage 2 in 3 / 29
and stage 3 in 23 / 29 with a chorio-retinal anastomosis identified in 21 of these
23 eyes. The total number of retinal vessels involved were 83, 35 were arteries and
48 were veins. RAPs were seen in ICGA as hot spots in all but one case where it appeared
as a plaque. A retinal pigment epithelial detachment (PED) was observed in 22 / 26
eyes. Cystoid macular oedema was observed in 13 / 26 eyes in FA and intraretinal ICG
leakage in 6 / 26 eyes. Hard exudates were present in 21 / 26 eyes. Retinal haemorrhages
were present in 23 / 26 eyes; all but one were intraretinal and had a size of less
than half of the optic disc diameter. The RAP was bilateral in 2 / 24 patients. Conclusions: Clinicians should suspect the diagnosis of RAP when hard exudates, small intraretinal
haemorrhages, PED or a hot spot in ICGA are present. Both fluorescein and ICG video-angiography
provide adequate temporal resolution and vascular flow examination leading to easier
RAP staging and identification of the anastomosis.
Schlüsselwörter
retinale angiomatöse Proliferation - harte Exsudate - Pigmentepithelabhebung - „hot
Spot“ - Videoangiografie
Key words
retinal angiomatous proliferation - hard exudates - pigment epithelium detachment
- hot spot - video-angiography
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Prof. Constantin J. Pournaras, MD
Department of Ophthalmology, Geneva University Hospitals
22 rue Alcide Jentzer
1211 Geneva 14
Switzerland
Phone: ++ 41/22/3 82 83 94
Fax: ++ 41/22/3 82 84 21
Email: constantin.pournaras@hcuge.ch