CC BY-ND-NC 4.0 · SynOpen 2019; 03(02): 49-54
DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1610873
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Copyright with the author

First Total Synthesis of Artekeiskeanol A, C and Altissimacoumarin D

Anil Talakokkula
,
Karunakar Baikadi
,
A. Venkat Narsaiah*
Organic Synthesis Laboratory, Fluoro-Agrochemicals Department, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, Telangana, India   Email: vnakkirala2001@yahoo.com
› Author Affiliations
A.T. and K.B. are grateful to UGC-New Delhi and CSIR-New Delhi, respectively, for providing Fellowships.
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 21 February 2019

Accepted after revision: 17 March 2019

Publication Date:
02 April 2019 (online)

 


IICT Communication No: IICT/Pubs./2019/066

Abstract

The total syntheses of artekeiskeanol A and C, and altissimacoumarin D have been achieved. The syntheses commenced from commercially available starting materials, 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde and geraniol. The key steps involve Wittig and Riley oxidation reactions.


#

Coumarins are privileged core units in many bioactive molecules and they are responsible for scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS).[1] Scopoletin [6-methoxy-7-hydroxycoumarin­], is obtained from the stem extracts of Erycibe obtusifolia Benth, a traditional medicine of China with multiple bioactivities.[2] Isofraxidin [7-hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy­-2H-chromen-2-one], isolated mainly from Acansopanax senticosus, exhibits antitumor activity on human hepatoma cell lines HuH-7 and HepG2.[3] Altissimacoumarin D [(E)-7-[(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl)oxy]-6,8-dimeth­oxy-2H-chromen-2-one], isolated from the Chinese medicinal plant, Alianthus altissima, exhibits significant Stir1 activation and its structure was confirmed by Oh et al.[4]

Zoom Image
Figure 1

Artekeiskeanols A–D (Figure [1]) were isolated by Kwak et al.[5] from Artemisia keiskeana Miq (Compositae), which is used as a Korean traditional medicine for amenorrhea, gynaecopathy, bruising and rheumatic diseases. Their structures were reported by Schmitz et al.[6] and their antigen-stimulant RBL-2H3 mast cell activation through inhibition of Akt, JNK and P38 cells was reported by Honga et al.[7] As part of our research program on the synthesis of biologically active natural and synthetic molecules,[8] we herein report the first total syntheses of artekeiskeanol A and C, and also the structurally related altissimacoumarin D.

As shown in the retrosynthetic analysis (Scheme [1]), the natural coumarins scopoletin (6) and isofraxidin (10), were identified as key intermediates for the sequential synthesis of artekeiskeanol A (1), C (2) and altissimacoumarin D (3). Artekeiskeanol A and C could be obtained from compound (7) and compound (3), respectively, via Riley oxidation. Intermediates­ (3) and (7) could be synthesized by reaction between geranyl bromide (11) with isofraxidin (10) or scopoletin (6). Isofraxidin and scopoletin may be synthesized from commercially available 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (Scheme [1]).

Zoom Image
Scheme 1

Regioselective bromination[9] of 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde was carried out using bromine in an equimolar ratio with the substrate in methanol at room temperature to afford 5-bromo-2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (4) in excellent yields. The monobromo compound 4 was then subjected to nucleophilic substitution with NaOMe in the presence of CuCl at reflux in DMF to furnish, 2,4-dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (5) in good yield.[10] The resultant product 5 was subjected to Wittig olefination with ethyl (triphenylphosporanylidene) acetate, in N,N-diethylaniline at reflux to give the intermediate 7-hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one (6) (scopotletin) in 70% yield.[11]

The intermediate 6 and geranyl bromide (11)[12] were reacted in the presence of K2CO3 in DMF at room temperature to produce (E)-7-[(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl)oxy]-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one (7)[13] in 82% yield, which, on oxidation with SeO2 and TBHP in CH2Cl2 at 0 °C, afforded 7-{[(2E,6E)-8-hydroxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl]oxy}-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one (1)[14] in 60% yield (Scheme [2]), corresponding to artekeiskeanol A with spectroscopic data that was consistent with those reported (Table [1]).[6]

The synthesis of artekeiskeanol C (2) also started from 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, this time with an excess of bromine in methanol at room temperature to give, 3,5-dibromo-2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (8) in quantitative yield. The dibromo compound 8 was subjected to nucleophilic substitution with NaOMe in the presence CuCl in DMF at reflux for 8 h to furnish, 2,4-dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (9) in 75% yield. Compound 9 was subjected to Wittig olefination with ethyl (triphenylphosporanylidene) acetate, in N,N-diethylaniline at reflux to afford, 7-hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-2H-chromen-2-one (10) in 72% yield, corresponding to isofraxidin.

Zoom Image
Scheme 2 Reagents and conditions: (a) Bromine, EtOH, r.t, 1 h, 80%; (b) NaOMe, CuCl, DMF, reflux, 8 h, 75%; (c) C2-Ylide, N,N-diethylaniline, reflux, 12 h, 70%; (d) Geranyl bromide (11), K2CO3, KI (cat), DMF, r.t, 2 h, 82%; (e) SeO2, TBHP/CH2Cl2 (2:1), 0 °C to r.t, 4 h, 60%.

Isofraxidin, on reaction with geranyl bromide and K2CO3 in DMF at room temperature, afforded (E)-7-[(3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl)oxy]-6,8-dimethoxy-2H-chromen-2-one (3) in 80% yield, which corresponds to the natural product altissimacoumarin D, with spectroscopic data consistent with those reported.[13a] Again, we adopted the Riley protocol for oxidation of compound 3, with SeO2 and TBHP in CH2Cl2 at 0 °C to afford, 7-{[(2E,6E)-8-hydroxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl]oxy}-6,8-dimethoxy-2H-chromen-2-one (2), in good yield (Scheme [3]), to furnish artekeiskeanol C. The spectroscopic data of the synthetic material was consistent with those reported for the natural product (Table [2]).[6]

Zoom Image
Scheme 3 Reagents and conditions: (a) Br2, EtOH, r.t, 1 h, 98%; (b) NaOMe, CuCl, DMF, reflux 8 h, 75%; (c) C2-Ylide, N,N-diethylaniline, reflux, 12 h, 72%; (d) Geranyl bromide (11), K2CO3, KI (cat), DMF, r.t, 2 h, 80%; (e) SeO2, TBHP/CH2Cl2 (2:1), 0 °C to r.t.,4 h, 63%.

Table 1 1H and 13C NMR Data for the Natural Product Artekeiskeanol A and Synthetic Compounds (1H NMR 400 MHz and 13C NMR 100 MHz, in CDCl3)

1H/13C Position

Artekeiskeanol A, Natural product

Synthetic product

1H NMR δ (ppm) (J, Hz)

13C NMR (ppm)

1H NMR δ (ppm) (J, Hz)

13C NMR (ppm)

2

161.5

161.5

3

6.24 (d, 9.4)

113.3

6.28 (d, 9.4)

113.3

4

7.59 (d, 9.4)

143.3

7.61 (d, 9.4)

143.3

4*

111.3

111.3

5

6.82 (s)

108.1

6.85 (s)

108.0

6

146.6

146.6

7

152.1

152.1

8

6.79 (s)

101.2

6.83 (s)

101.2

8*

149.9

149.9

1′

4.66 (d, 6.3)

66.2

4.69 (d, 6.4)

66.3

2′

5.45 (tdd, 6.5, 2.4, 1.2)

118.8

5.48 (tdd, 6.4, 2.3, 1.2)

118.8

3′

141.5

141.5

4′

2.08 (t, 7.5)

39.0

2.10 (m)

39.0

5′

2.16 (q, 7.2)

25.5

2.20 (m)

25.5

6′

5.34 (tdd, 6.9, 2.6, 1.3)

125.0

5.37 (tdd, 6.9, 2.6, 1.4)

125.0

7′

135.4

135.4

8′

3.94 (s)

68.7

3.97 (s)

68.8

9′

1.63 (s)

13.7

1.66 (s)

13.7

10′

1.74 (s)

16.7

1.78 (s)

16.8

OCH3-6

3.87 (s)

56.3

3.91 (s)

56.3

Table 2 1H and 13C NMR Data for the Natural Product Artekeiskeanol C and Synthetic Compounds (1H NMR 400 MHz and 13C NMR 100 MHz, in CDCl3)

1H/13C Position

Artekeiskeanol C, Natural product

Synthetic product

1H NMR δ (ppm) (J, Hz)

13C NMR (ppm)

1H NMR δ (ppm) (J, Hz)

13C NMR (ppm)

2

160.6

160.5

3

6.30 (d, 9.5)

115.1

6.34 (d, 9.4)

115.1

4

7.58 (d,9.5)

143.5

7.61 (d, 9.5)

143.4

4*

114.4

114.4

5

6.63 (s)

103.5

6.66 (s)

103.6

6

150.6

150.6

7

144.7

144.8

8

141.6

141.6

8*

142.9

142.9

1′

4.63 (d, 7.5)

70.1

4.67 (d, 7.2)

70.2

2′

5.52 (tdd, 6.4, 2.3, 1.3)

119.8

5.56 (tdd, 7.2, 2.3, 1.2)

119.9

3′

142.1

142.1

4′

2.04 (t, 7.5)

39.1

2.07 (m)

39.1

5′

2.11 (q, 7.0)

25.7

2.17 (m)

25.7

6′

5.32 (t, 7.0)

125.2

5.37 (t, 6.6)

125.3

7′

135.1

135.2

8′

3.94 (s)

68.7

3.98 (s)

68.8

9′

1.61 (s)

13.6

1.66 (s)

13.7

10′

1.66 (s)

16.3

1.70 (s)

16.3

OCH3-6

3.85 (s)

56.2

3.89 (s)

56.3

OCH3-8

3.99 (s)

61.7

4.03 (s)

61.7

In summary, we have executed the first total synthesis of artekeiskeanol A and C in five steps with overall yields of 21% and 27%, respectively. The key reactions involved in this synthetic approach are a regioselective bromination reaction, Wittig olefination, followed by cyclization and Riley oxidation.

All air- and moisture-sensitive reactions were carried out under a nitrogen or argon atmosphere. Oven-dried glass apparatus was used to perform all reactions. Freshly distilled anhydrous solvents were used for air- and moisture-sensitive reactions. Commercially available reagents were used as such. Purification of compounds was carried out by column chromatography using silica gel (60–120 mesh). 1H and 13C NMR spectra were recorded in CDCl3 with 400 and 500 MHz spectrometers­, respectively, using TMS as internal standard. IR spectra were recorded with a Perkin–Elmer FT-RT 240-c Spectrophotometer using KBr / Thin Film optics. Mass spectra were recorded with a Finnigan MAT 1020 mass spectrometer operating at 70 eV. High-resolution mass spectra (HRMS) [ESI+] were obtained using either a TOF or a double focusing spectrometer.


#

5-Bromo-2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (4)

To a stirred solution of 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (0.5 g, 3.62 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) was added dropwise bromine (0.1 mL, 3.26 mmol) at r.t. and the mixture was stirred for 1 h. After the completion of the reaction (monitored by TLC), the reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium thiosulfate, the mixture was extracted with EtOAc (2 × 20 mL), and the combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, and filtered. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to give 4.

Yield: 0.63 g (80%); off-white solid; mp 147–150 °C.

IR (neat): 3360, 2920, 1715, 1465, 780, 575 cm–1.

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 11.24 (s, 1 H), 9.69 (s, 1 H), 7.65 (s, 1 H), 6.62 (s, 1 H), 6.17 (brs, 1 H).

13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 194.2, 160.3, 159.5, 134.3, 115.5, 108.3, 98.7.

HRMS: m/z [M – H]+ calcd for C7H4O3Br: 214.9333; found: 214.9338.


#

2,4-Dihydroxy-5-methoxybenzaldehyde (5)

To a stirred solution of sodium methoxide (1.2 g, 23.3 mmol) in DMF was added bromo compound 4 (0.5 g, 2.3 mmol) followed by CuCl (23 mg, 0.23 mmol). The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 8 h with vigorous stirring. After the completion of the reaction (monitored by TLC), solvent was removed under vacuum, cold water was added, and the mixture stirred for 20 min, neutralized with HCl then stirred for another 20 min and extracted with CHCl3 (2 × 10 mL). The separated organic layers were washed with brine, dried with Na2SO4, filtered and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to give 5.

Yield: 0.28 g (73%); white solid; mp 120–123 °C.

IR (neat): 3355, 2900, 1730, 1135, 1015, 780, 553 cm–1.

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 11.32 (s, 1 H), 9.67 (s, 1 H), 6.89 (s, 1 H), 6.53 (s, 1 H), 6.41 (s, 1 H), 3.92 (s, 3 H).

13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 193.7, 159.6, 154.3, 140.6, 112.9, 108.9, 103.2, 56.5.

HRMS: m/z [M – H]+ calcd for C8H7O4: 167.1123; found: 167.1129.


#

7-Hydroxy-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one [Scopoletin (6)]

To a stirred solution of 5 (0.2 g, 1.11 mmol) in N,N-diethylaniline (10 mL) was added ethyl (triphenylphosporanylidene) acetate (0.49 g, 1.42 mmol) and the resulting mixture was heated to reflux for 12 h. After completion of the reaction (monitored by TLC), the solvent was removed under reduced pressure. The resulting brown oily residue was purified by column chromatography, eluting with EtOAc–hexane (4:6) mixture to afford 6.

Yield: 0.16 g (70%); yellow solid; mp 202–205 °C.

IR (neat): 3365, 2875, 1710, 1562, 1120, 1070, 828, 580 cm–1.

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.60 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.92 (s, 1 H), 6.85 (s, 1 H), 6.27 (d, J = 7.6 Hz, 1 H), 6.18 (s, 1 H), 3.96 (s, 3 H).

13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 161.5, 150.2, 149.7, 143.9, 143.3, 113.4, 111.5, 107.5, 103.2, 56.4.

HRMS: m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C10H9O4: 193.0490; found: 193.0495.


#

(E)-7-[(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl)oxy]-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one (7)

To a stirred solution of geranyl bromide (84 mg, 0.39 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added K2CO3 (71 mg, 0.52 mmol), KI (cat) and a solution of scopoletin 6 (50 mg, 0.26 mmol) in DMF (5 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred for 2 h at r.t. After completion of reaction (monitored by TLC) the mixture was diluted with EtOAc (10 mL), quenched with cold water and further extracted with EtOAc (2 × 10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with EtOAc–hexane (3:7) mixture to give 7.

Yield: 70 mg (82%); amorphous solid.

IR (neat): 3022, 2875, 1735, 1245, 915, 750 cm–1.

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.61 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.85 (s, 1 H), 6.83 (s, 1 H), 6.27 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 1 H), 5.48 (td, J = 6.4, 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 5.07 (tt, J = 6.7, 2.7 Hz, 1 H), 4.70 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 2 H), 3.91 (s, 3 H), 2.15 - 1.96 (m, 4 H), 1.77 (s, 3 H), 1.65 (s, 3 H), 1.59 (s, 3 H).

13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 161.5, 152.1, 149.9, 146.6, 143.3, 142.1, 131.9, 123.6, 118.4, 113.3, 111.3, 108.0, 101.2, 66.3, 56.4, 39.5, 26.2, 25.6, 17.7, 16.8.

HRMS: m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C20H25O4: 329.1737; found: 329.1747.


#

7-{[(2E,6E)-8-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl]oxy}-6-methoxy-2H-chromen-2-one [Artekeiskeanol A (1)]

To a stirred solution of SeO2 (67 mg, 0.60 mmol) in TBHP (4 mL) and CH2Cl2 (1 mL), cooled to 0 °C, was added a solution of 7 (50 mg, 0.15 mmol) in CH2Cl2 (1 mL). The resulting mixture was then allowed to warm to r.t. and stirred for 4 h. After completion of reaction (confirmed by TLC), the reaction was quenching with saturated aqueous sodium thiosulfate and extracted with ether (2 × 10 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and evaporated under reduced pressure to give 1.

Yield: 30 mg (60%); low-melting solid.

IR (neat): 3345, 3040, 2956, 1421, 1616, 1276, 1145, 758 cm–1.

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.61 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.85 (s, 1 H), 6.83 (s, 1 H), 6.28 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 1 H), 5.48 (tdd, J = 6.4, 2.3, 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 5.37 (tdd, J = 6.9, 2.6, 1.4 Hz, 1 H), 4.69 (d, J = 6.4 Hz, 2 H), 3.97 (s, 2 H), 3.91 (s, 3 H), 2.20 (m, 2 H), 2.10 (m, 2 H), 1.78 (s, 3 H), 1.66 (s, 3 H).

13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 161.5, 152.1, 149.9, 146.6, 143.3, 141.5, 135.4, 125.0, 118.8, 113.3, 111.3, 108.0, 101.2, 68.8, 66.3, 56.3, 39.0, 25.5, 16.8, 13.7.

HRMS: m/z [M - H]+ calcd for C20H23O5: 343.1540; found: 343.1551.


#

3,5-Dibromo-2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (8)

To a stirred solution of 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (0.50 g, 3.6 mmol) in EtOH (10 mL) was added bromine (0.22 mL, 9.1 mmol) dropwise at r.t. and the mixture was stirred for 1 h. After completion of the reaction (monitored by TLC), the reaction was quenched with saturated aqueous sodium thiosulfate and extracted with EtOAc (2 × 15 mL). The combined organic extracts were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to give 8.

Yield: 1.00 g (98%); white solid; mp 197–200 °C.

IR (neat): 3263, 3052, 2923, 1725, 1467, 785, 555 cm–1.

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 11.98 (s, 1 H), 9.68 (s, 1 H), 7.70 (s, 1 H), 6.64 (s, 1 H).

13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 193.4, 159.6, 156.2, 136.0, 116.2, 100.0, 98.9.

HRMS: m/z [M – H]+ calcd for C7H3Br2O3: 292.7542; found: 292.7551.


#

2,4-Dihydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (9)

To stirred solution of sodium methoxide (1.64 g, 30.5 mmol) in DMF (20 mL) was added dibromo compound 8 (0.9 g, 3.05 mmol) and CuCl (30 mg, 0.3 mmol), and the reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 8 h, with vigorous stirring. After completion of the reaction (monitored by TLC), the solvent was removed under vacuum, ice was added, and the mixture was stirred for 20 min. The mixture was then neutralized with HCl, stirred for another 20 min and extracted with CHCl3­ (2 × 15 mL). The combined organic layers were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to give 9.

Yield: 0.45 g (75%); white solid; mp 87–89 °C.

IR (neat): 3379, 2924, 1735, 1645, 1324, 1137, 1088, 745, 553 cm–1.

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 11.31 (s, 1 H), 9.7 (s, 1 H), 6.75 (s, 1 H), 6.42 (brs, 1 H), 4.01 (s, 3 H), 3.91 (s, 3 H).

13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 194.5, 151.6, 146.9, 141.2, 134.5, 112.9, 108.9, 60.9, 56.6.

HRMS: m/z [M - H]+ calcd for C9H9O5: 197.0440; found: 197.0445.


#

7-Hydroxy-6,8-dimethoxy-2H-chromen-2-one [isofraxidin (10)]

The above procedure for 6 was followed for the preparation of 10 (0.3 g, 0.30 mmol).

Yield: 0.24 g (72%); mp 146–148 °C.

IR (neat): 3352, 2924, 1702, 1459, 1310, 1118, 1080, 590 cm–1.

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.60 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.66 (s, 1 H), 6.28 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.22 (s, 1 H), 4.09 (s, 3 H), 3.94 (s, 1 H).

13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 160.6, 144.6, 143.8, 143.0, 142.5, 134.4, 113.4, 111.2, 103.2, 61.6, 56.5.

HRMS: m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C11H11O5: 223.1376; found: 223.1370.


#

(E)-7-[(3,7-Dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl)oxy]-6,8-dimethoxy-2H-chromen-2-one [altissamacoumarin D (3)]

To a stirred solution of geranyl bromide (73 mg, 0.33 mmol) in DMF (5 mL) was added K2CO3 (62 mg, 0.45 mmol), KI (cat) and a solution of isofraxidin (10; 50 mg, 0.23 mmol) in DMF (5 mL). The resulting mixture was stirred for 2 h at r.t.. After completion of reaction was confirmed by TLC, the mixture was diluted with EtOAc (10 mL) and quenched with cold water and extracted with EtOAc (2 × 10 mL). The combined organic phases were washed with brine, dried over Na2SO4, filtered and concentrated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by column chromatography, eluting with EtOAc–hexane (3:7) mixture to give 7.

Yield: 64 mg (80%); amorphous solid.

IR (neat): 3022, 2875, 1435, 1245, 910, 749 cm–1.

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.61 (d, J = 9.4 Hz, 1 H), 6.66 (s, 1 H), 6.33 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 1 H), 5.56 (td, J = 7.2, 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 5.07 (m, 1 H), 4.68 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2 H), 4.03 (s, 3 H), 3.89 (s, 3 H), 2.06 (m, 4 H), 1.70 (s, 3 H), 1.66 (s, 3 H), 1.59 (s, 3 H).

13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 160.5, 150.6, 144.8, 143.5, 142.9, 142.5, 141.7, 131.7, 123.8, 119.5, 115.1, 114.4, 103.5, 70.2, 61.7, 56.2, 39.6, 26.3, 25.6, 17.6, 16.3.

HRMS: m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C21H27O5: 359.1737; found: 359.1747.


#

7-{[(2E,6E)-8-Hydroxy-3,7-dimethylocta-2,6-dien-1-yl]oxy}-6,8-dimethoxy-2H-chromen-2-one [Artekeiskeanol C (2)]

The above procedure was followed for the preparation of 2 (50 mg, 0.14 mmol). Yield: 33 mg (63%).

IR (neat): 3345, 3054, 2986, 1721, 1616, 1275, 1148, 758 cm–1.

1H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 7.61 (d, J = 9.5 Hz, 1 H), 6.66 (s, 1 H), 6.34 (d, J = 9.4 Hz, 1 H), 5.56 (tdd, J = 7.2, 2.3, 1.2 Hz, 1 H), 5.37 (t, J = 6.6, Hz, 1 H), 4.67 (d, J = 7.2 Hz, 2 H), 4.03 (s, 3 H), 3.98 (s, 3 H), 3.89 (s, 3 H), 2.15–2.20 (m, 2 H), 2.02 - 2.10 (m, 2 H), 1.70 (s, 3 H), 1.66 (s, 3 H).

13C NMR (100 MHz, CDCl3): δ = 160.5, 150.6, 144.8, 143.4, 142.9, 142.1, 141.8, 135.2, 125.3, 119.9, 115.1, 114.4, 103.6, 70.2, 68.8, 61.7, 56.3, 39.1, 25.7, 16.3, 13.7.

HRMS: m/z [M + H]+ calcd for C21H26O6Na: 397.1612; found: 397.1621.


#
#

Acknowledgment

A.T. and K.B. are grateful to the Director CSIR-IICT for providing facilities.

Supporting Information

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    • 8e Narala SG, Nagalatha G, Narsaiah AV. Nat. Prod. Res. 2019; 1577843
    • 9a Manchand PS, Belica PS, Wong HS. Synth. Commun. 1990; 20: 2659
    • 9b Wanmu C. Indian J. Chem., Sect. B: Org. Chem. Incl. Med. Chem. 1996; 35: 1085
    • 10a Aalten HL, Koten GV, Grove DM, Kuilman T, Piekstra OG, Hulshof LA, Sheldon RA. Tetrahedron 1989; 45: 5565
    • 10b Rouessac F, Leclerc A. Synth. Commun. 1993; 23: 1147
    • 11a Harayama T. J. Pharm. Soc. Jpn. 2006; 126: 543
    • 11b Wenqing G, Qingyong L, Jian C, Zhichao W, Changlong H. Molecules 2013; 18: 15613
    • 11c Jain PK, Himanshu J. J. Appl. Pharm. Sci. 2012; 2: 236
  • 12 Geranyl bromide (11) was prepared as per reported procedure, see: Hanessian S, Cooke NG, DeHoff B, Sakito Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990; 112: 5276
    • 13a Silva AC, Benelkebir H, Lopes RS. C, Lopes CC, Ganesan A. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2018; 29: 1157
    • 13b Allen CF. H, Gates JW. Jr. Org. Synth. Coll. Vol. 3 1955; 3: 140
    • 13c Zep A, Wojicik MW, Lewandowski W, Sitkowska K, Prominski JM, Pociecha D, Gorecka E. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014; 53: 13725
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  • References

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    • 1b Newman DJ, Cragg GM. J. Nat. Prod. 2007; 70: 461
    • 1c Lachance H, Wetzel S, Kumar K, Waldmann H. J. Med. Chem. 2012; 55: 5989
    • 2a Cai X, Yang J, Zhou J, Lu W, Hu C, Gu Z, Huo J, Wang X, Cao P. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2013; 21: 84
    • 2b Li L, Zhao P, Hu J, Liu J, Liu Y, Wang Z, Xia Y, Dai Y, Chen L. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2015; 93: 300
    • 3a Yamazaki T, Tokiwa T. Biol. Pharm. Bull. 2010; 3: 1716
    • 3b Li J, Li X, Li Z, Zhang L, Liu Y, Ding H, Yin S. Food Funct. 2017; 8: 2886
    • 4a Dao TT, Tran TL, Kim J, Nguyen PH, Lee EH, Park J, Jang IS, Oh WK. J. Nat. Prod. 2012; 75: 1332
    • 4b Hwang SW, Lee JR, Lee J, Kwon HS, Yang MS, Park KH. Heterocycles 2005; 65: 1963
  • 6 Kwak JH, Lee KB, Schmitz FJ. J. Nat. Prod. 2001; 64: 1081
  • 7 Honga J, Sasaki H, Hirasawa N, Ishihara K, Kwak JH, Zee O, Schmiz FJ, Seyama T, Ohuchi K. Planta Med. 2009; 75: 1494
    • 8a Narala SG, Nagalatha G, Narsaiah AV. ARKIVOC 2018; (vii): 495
    • 8b Nagalatha G, Ganesh NS, Narsaiah AV. SynOpen 2018; 2: 251
    • 8c Ghogare RS, Wadavrao SB, Narsaiah AV. Helv. Chim. Acta 2016; 99: 247
    • 8d Baikadi K, Talakokkula A, Narsaiah AV. SynOpen 2019; 3: 26
    • 8e Narala SG, Nagalatha G, Narsaiah AV. Nat. Prod. Res. 2019; 1577843
    • 9a Manchand PS, Belica PS, Wong HS. Synth. Commun. 1990; 20: 2659
    • 9b Wanmu C. Indian J. Chem., Sect. B: Org. Chem. Incl. Med. Chem. 1996; 35: 1085
    • 10a Aalten HL, Koten GV, Grove DM, Kuilman T, Piekstra OG, Hulshof LA, Sheldon RA. Tetrahedron 1989; 45: 5565
    • 10b Rouessac F, Leclerc A. Synth. Commun. 1993; 23: 1147
    • 11a Harayama T. J. Pharm. Soc. Jpn. 2006; 126: 543
    • 11b Wenqing G, Qingyong L, Jian C, Zhichao W, Changlong H. Molecules 2013; 18: 15613
    • 11c Jain PK, Himanshu J. J. Appl. Pharm. Sci. 2012; 2: 236
  • 12 Geranyl bromide (11) was prepared as per reported procedure, see: Hanessian S, Cooke NG, DeHoff B, Sakito Y. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 1990; 112: 5276
    • 13a Silva AC, Benelkebir H, Lopes RS. C, Lopes CC, Ganesan A. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2018; 29: 1157
    • 13b Allen CF. H, Gates JW. Jr. Org. Synth. Coll. Vol. 3 1955; 3: 140
    • 13c Zep A, Wojicik MW, Lewandowski W, Sitkowska K, Prominski JM, Pociecha D, Gorecka E. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2014; 53: 13725
    • 14a Riley HL, Morley JF, Friend NA. C. J. Chem. Soc. 1932; 1875
    • 14b Marshall JA, Lebreton J. J. Org. Chem. 1988; 53: 4108

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Figure 1
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Scheme 1
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Scheme 2 Reagents and conditions: (a) Bromine, EtOH, r.t, 1 h, 80%; (b) NaOMe, CuCl, DMF, reflux, 8 h, 75%; (c) C2-Ylide, N,N-diethylaniline, reflux, 12 h, 70%; (d) Geranyl bromide (11), K2CO3, KI (cat), DMF, r.t, 2 h, 82%; (e) SeO2, TBHP/CH2Cl2 (2:1), 0 °C to r.t, 4 h, 60%.
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Scheme 3 Reagents and conditions: (a) Br2, EtOH, r.t, 1 h, 98%; (b) NaOMe, CuCl, DMF, reflux 8 h, 75%; (c) C2-Ylide, N,N-diethylaniline, reflux, 12 h, 72%; (d) Geranyl bromide (11), K2CO3, KI (cat), DMF, r.t, 2 h, 80%; (e) SeO2, TBHP/CH2Cl2 (2:1), 0 °C to r.t.,4 h, 63%.