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Eur J Pediatr Surg 2019; 29(03): 290-297
DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1646959
Original Article
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Factors Known to Influence the Development of Necrotizing Enterocolitis to Modify Expression and Activity of Intestinal Alkaline Phosphatase in a Newborn Neonatal Rat Model

Rebecca Maria Rentea
1   Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, United States
,
Matthea J. Rentea
2   Deparment of Medicine, Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana, United States
,
Ben Biesterveld
3   Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States
,
Jennifer L. Liedel
4   Department of Pediatrics and Critical Care, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, United States
,
David M. Gourlay
5   Division of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

05 December 2017

22 March 2018

Publication Date:
03 May 2018 (online)

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Abstract

Introduction Prematurity, formula feeding, and early weaning strongly influence enterocyte differentiation. Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP), an endogenous protein expressed in the intestines, is one enzyme that is affected by these factors. IAP supplementation decreases the severity of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) injury. We, therefore, hypothesized that prematurity predisposes this population to NEC due to IAP deficiency and investigated IAP expression and function in a neonatal rat model.

Materials and Methods Pre- and full-term newborn Sprague-Dawley rat pups were sacrificed on consecutive days of life both after vaginal or cesarean birth and following either breast or formula feeding.

Results Compared with controls, cesarean delivery and formula feeding are associated with lower levels of IAP. The formula-fed pups continued to have low baseline IAP activity. Neither prematurity nor formula feeding led to differences of intestinal injury.

Conclusion Prematurity and formula feeding are associated with inhibition of IAP expression and activity. Both may increase the risk of NEC and early enteral supplementation of IAP to newborns at risk of NEC may be of therapeutic benefit.

Keywords

intestinal alkaline phosphatase - necrotizing enterocolitis - prematurity - breast milk - alkaline phosphatase
 

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