Evaluation of the renal toxicity potential of sub-acute exposure to the aqueous extract of Alpinia officinarum Hance. rhizome in rats

In Persian traditional medicine, Alpinia officinarum rhizome is used for various diseases such as gastrointestinal and reproductive system disorders. However, there is not any study on the safety of this herb in continuous usage. This study was aimed to investigate the acute and sub-acute potential toxicity of A. officinarum aqueous extract in rats. The acute oral toxicity was evaluated in female Wistar rats by administering a single oral dose (2000 mg/kg) of the extract. Also, after a 28-days period administration of the extract (p.o; daily; 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg) in rats, biochemical and electrolyte parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers, histopathology and histomorphometry evaluations of renal tissues were performed. No mortality and behavioral signs of toxicity observed after administration of 2000 mg/kg. In sub-acute evaluation, the serum levels of creatinine, sodium (Na+) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) increased dose-dependently. Also a significant decrease in level of calcium (Ca 2+) was observed (p<0.05). No significant changes were observed in the serum levels of Chloride, LDL, HDL, and cholesterol as well as oxidative stress biomarkers compared to control after 28 days. However, in histopathology and histomorphometry analysis, some alterations such as reduction of Bowman’s space and segmental or global glomerular necrosis were observed especially at dose of 800 mg/kg. According to the results, it seems continuous oral consumption of A. officinarum rhizome extract in high doses might have renal toxicity. Further assessments should be performed to ascertain the safety/toxicity of A. officinarum in subchronic administrations.

 

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There is no conflict of interests; Babol University of Medical Sciences (9808016).

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Artikel online veröffentlicht:
13. Dezember 2021