Main flavonoids and antioxidant activity of varieties of two species of “jocote” (Spondias purpurea and Spondias mombin) from Guatemala.

The fruit called “jocote” is an abundant fruit in Guatemala, with two species, Spondias purpurea and Spondias mombin, found in the country. In studies carried out in other countries, it has been found that the fruit has a high vitamin content and different phenolic compounds that can be beneficial for health. In the present study, the percentage of extraction yield was determined by maceration with alcohol, analysing the flavonoids, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content of extracts from 9 varieties of 2 species of Spondias spp. fruits collected in different regions of Guatemala. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using a method of the radical DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) extinction. The quantification of total phenolic content was carried out using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent method. Flavonoids and other phenolic compounds were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with a diode array detector (DAD). Considerably high antioxidant activity was found in extracts obtained from samples of the varieties, “corona”, “tronador” and “rax ux” of the species Spondias purpurea and varieties “jobo” and “quinín” of the species Spondias mombin. The flavonoids and phenolic compounds most frequently present in the different varieties of “jocote” were p-coumaric acid, rutin and quercetin, found in 17 out of 19 samples analysed. In conclusion, Spondias purpurea and Spondias mombin fruits are a food rich in flavonoids and phenolic compounds, so they can be considered to have nutritional value and significance in the development of nutraceutical products.

 

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Publication History

Article published online:
16 November 2023