Antihyperglycemic activity from Castilleja arvensis (Orobanchaceae)

Diabetes is a metabolic syndrome characterised by chronic hyperglycaemia, causing several complications including cardiovascular disease, both representing leading causes of death. A chronic inflammatory state has been identified to contribute to the development of diabetes and complications. Several Castilleja species are frequently used in the management of inflammation and some studies have demonstrated the potential anti-inflammatory activity of the genus. Inactivation of NF-κB has been proposed as one of the main mechanisms, suggesting additional therapeutic applications in inflammatory diseases such as diabetes. In this work, antihyperglycemic activity of Castilleja arvensis was evaluated. Hydroalcoholic extract (HECa) obtained from the maceration process of aerial parts of C. arvensis, collected in Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico was fractionated by liquid-liquid extraction obtaining dichloromethane (DF), ethyl acetate (EF), butanol fractions (BF) and aqueous residue (AR). Antihyperglycemic activity was determined through an oral glucose tolerance test in mice, using sucrose and glucose as substrates. As a result, when sucrose was used as substrate HECa, DF, EF and BF significantly prevented post-prandial hyperglycaemia. On the other side, when glucose was used as substrate, HECa significantly prevented post-prandial hyperglycaemia and maintained low glucose levels for 3 hours. Nevertheless, EF, BF and AR showed a similar effect to glibenclamide and hypoglycaemic effect ([Table 1]). These observations suggest that C. arvensis has a potential antihyperglycemic function possibly by inhibiting intestinal enzymes; and a possible hypoglycaemic effect could be suggested.

Table 1 Antihyperglycemic activity from C. arvensis.

 

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Conflict of Interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Publikationsverlauf

Artikel online veröffentlicht:
16. November 2023