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DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1027488
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Thrombophile Gerinnungsstörungen bei unter 60-jährigen Patienten mit nichtarteriitischer anteriorer ischämischer Optikusneuropathie
Thrombophilic Disorders Associated with Non-Arteritic Anterior Ischaemic Optic Neuropathy in Patients < 60 Years of AgePublication History
Eingegangen: 24.3.2008
Angenommen: 21.4.2008
Publication Date:
15 December 2008 (online)

Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund: Die Bedeutung thrombophiler Gerinnungsstörungen für die Entstehung der nichtarteriitischen anterioren ischämischen Optikusneuropathie (NAION) wurde bisher wenig untersucht. Patienten und Methoden: In einer prospektiven Fallkontrollstudie untersuchten wir 26 Patienten mit NAION < 60 Jahre zum Zeitpunkt der NAION oder eines vorangegangenen thromboembolischen Ereignisses und 50 gesunde Probanden auf thrombophile Gerinnungsstörungen und kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren. Ergebnisse: 12 der 26 Patienten (46,2 %) wiesen thrombophile Gerinnungsstörungen auf, während lediglich bei 9 der 50 Probanden Koagulopathien aufgedeckt werden konnten (p = 0,01). Die signifikant häufigsten Gerinnungsstörungen waren erhöhte Werte für Faktor-VIII-Aktivität (p = 0,04) und Lipoprotein (a) (p = 0,03). Darüber hinaus konnten wir bei 2 unserer Patienten erstmals eine homozygote APC-Resistenz im Zusammenhang mit einer NAION nachweisen. Thrombophile Gerinnungsstörungen fanden sich signifikant häufiger bei Patienten ohne kardiovaskuläre Risikofaktoren (p = 0,038). Schlussfolgerung: Unsere Ergebnisse weisen auf eine pathogenetische Bedeutung bestimmter Gerinnungsstörungen wie erhöhte Werte für Lipoprotein (a) und Faktor-VIII-Aktivität für die Entstehung einer NAION bei Patienten < 60 Jahre hin. Das Fehlen kardiovaskulärer Risikofaktoren weist signifikant häufig auf eine zugrunde liegende Thrombophilie hin.
Abstract
Background: The potential impact of coagulation abnormalities on non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy (NAION), individually and in combination with cardiovascular risk factors, remains unclear. Patients and Methods: In a prospective case-control study a cohort of 26 NAION patients < 60 years at the time of the NAION or a previous thromboembolic event and 50 subjects matched for age and sex were prospectively screened for thrombophilic risk factors. Results: Overall, thrombophilic defects were found to be present in 12 of 26 patients (46.2 %) and in 9 of 50 (18 %) controls (p = 0.01). The most frequent coagulation disorders were high levels of factor VIII (p = 0.04) and lipoprotein (a) (p = 0.03). Moreover, we identified two patients with homozygous resistance to activated protein C, which is the first description of this coagulation disorder associated with NAION. Patients without cardiovascular risk factors had a statistically significant higher frequency of coagulation disorders than patients with these risk factors (p = 0.038). Conclusions: Our results indicate that thrombophilic disorders are associated with the development of non-arteriitic ischaemic optic neuropathy in patients < 60 years of age at the time of a first thromboembolic event. Selective screening of young patients and patients without cardiovascular risk factors may be helpful in identifying NAION patients with thrombophilic defects.
Schlüsselwörter
Nichtarteriitische anteriore ischämische Optikusneuropathie - Thrombophilie - Faktor-VIII-Erhöhung - Lipoprotein (a) - APC-Resistenz
Key words
non-arteritic ischaemic optic neuropathy - thrombophilia - high factor-VIII activity - lipoprotein (a) - resistance to APC
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Dr. Claudia Kuhli-Hattenbach
Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum
Theodor-Stern-Kai 7
60590 Frankfurt am Main
Phone: ++ 49/69/63 01 57 21
Fax: ++ 49/69/63 01 77 95
Email: kuhli@med.uni-frankfurt.de