Babykost mit Augenmaß

Zusammenfassung

Die ersten Lebensmonate sind eine sensible Wachstumsperiode, in der die Ernährung langfristig programmierende Effekte hat. Offenbar erhöht eine übermäßige Gewichtszunahme in der frühen Kindheit das spätere Adipositasrisiko. Studien zeigen, dass gestillte Kinder weniger Gewicht zunehmen als ungestillte. Als Ursache wird die im Vergleich zur Flaschennahrung niedrigere Proteinzufuhr mit der Muttermilch diskutiert. Die Effekte unterschiedlicher Proteingehalte in der Flaschennahrung auf das Wachstum im Alter von zwei und sechs Jahren wurden in einer randomisierten, kontrollierten Studie (CHOP-Studie, Childhood Obesity Project[*]) untersucht. Eine höhere Proteinmenge in der Flaschennahrung war mit metabolischen Veränderungen assoziiert, u. a. mit höheren Plasmakonzentrationen an wachstumsfördernden Stoffen wie Insulin und IGF-1. Es kam zu einer stärkeren Gewichtszunahme in den ersten beiden Lebensjahren und einem höheren Adipositasrisiko im frühen Schulalter. Die Ergebnisse der CHOP-Studie legen nahe, dass eine niedrigere Proteinzufuhr im Säuglingsalter das spätere Adipositasrisiko senken könnte.

Abstract

The first few months of life are a sensitive growth period during which nutrition has effects that set the body’s programming for the long-term. Excessive weight gain in infancy obviously increases the later risk of obesity. Studies have shown that breastfed babies put on less weight than formula-fed babies. The lower protein intake with breast milk compared with infant formula is being discussed as the possible cause. The effects of different protein contents in formula milk on growth at the ages of 2 years and 6 years have been investigated in the randomized controlled Childhood Obesity Project (CHOP) study. A higher protein content in infant formula was associated with metabolic changes – among others, with raised plasma concentrations of growth promoting substances such as insulin and IGF-1. Babies fed in this way put on more weight during the first two years of life and had a higher risk of obesity in the early school years. The results of the CHOP study imply that a lower protein intake in infancy might reduce the later risk of obesity.

Schlüsselwörter

Proteinzufuhr - Flaschennahrung - frühe Gewichtszunahme - Adipositasrisiko - Stillen - CHOP-Studie - BMI-Verlauf

Keywords

protein intake - infant formula - early weight gain - obesity risk - breast feeding - CHOP study - BMI development

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