Published as part of the 50 Years SYNTHESIS – Golden Anniversary Issue
Abstract
The Minisci reaction, which encompasses the radical C–H alkylation of heteroarenes,
has undergone revolutionary development in recent years. The application of photoredox
catalysis to alkyl radical generation has given rise to a multitude of methods that
feature enhanced functional group tolerance, generality, and operational simplicity.
The intent of this short review is to bring readers up to date on this rapidly expanding
field. Specifically, we will highlight key examples of visible-light-driven Minisci
alkylation strategies that represent key advancements in this area of research. The
scope and limitations of these transformations will be discussed, with a focus on
examining the underlying pathways for alkyl radical generation. Our goal is to make
this short review a stepping stone for further synthetic research development. Sections
are organized based on alkyl radical precursor reagents.
1 Introduction
2 Alkyl Carboxylic Acids and Carboxylic Acid Derivatives
3 Alkylboronic Acids
4 Potassium Alkyl- and Alkoxymethyltrifluoroborates
5 Alkyl Halides
6 Alcohols and Ethers
7 Conclusion
Key words Minisci reaction - photoredox catalysis - visible light - radical alkylation - late-stage
functionalization - heteroarenes
